fix: 防止订阅过期时间超出 JSON 序列化范围

问题：当分配订阅天数过大时，expires_at 年份可能超过 9999，
导致 time.Time JSON 序列化失败（RFC 3339 要求年份 <= 9999），
使后台无法显示和删除异常数据。

修复：
- handler 层添加 validity_days 最大值验证（max=36500，即100年）
- service 层添加 MaxValidityDays 和 MaxExpiresAt 双重保护
- 启动时自动修复已存在的异常数据（expires_at > 2099年）

backend/internal/handler/admin/redeem_handler.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ type GenerateRedeemCodesRequest struct {
 	Type         string  `json:"type" binding:"required,oneof=balance concurrency subscription"`
 	Value        float64 `json:"value" binding:"min=0"`
 	GroupID      *int64  `json:"group_id"`                                    // 订阅类型必填
-	ValidityDays int     `json:"validity_days"` // 订阅类型使用，默认30天
+	ValidityDays int     `json:"validity_days" binding:"omitempty,max=36500"` // 订阅类型使用，默认30天，最大100年
 }
 
 // List handles listing all redeem codes with pagination

backend/internal/handler/admin/subscription_handler.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func NewSubscriptionHandler(subscriptionService *service.SubscriptionService) *S
 type AssignSubscriptionRequest struct {
 	UserID       int64  `json:"user_id" binding:"required"`
 	GroupID      int64  `json:"group_id" binding:"required"`
-	ValidityDays int    `json:"validity_days"`
+	ValidityDays int    `json:"validity_days" binding:"omitempty,max=36500"` // max 100 years
 	Notes        string `json:"notes"`
 }
 
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ type AssignSubscriptionRequest struct {
 type BulkAssignSubscriptionRequest struct {
 	UserIDs      []int64 `json:"user_ids" binding:"required,min=1"`
 	GroupID      int64   `json:"group_id" binding:"required"`
-	ValidityDays int     `json:"validity_days"`
+	ValidityDays int     `json:"validity_days" binding:"omitempty,max=36500"` // max 100 years
 	Notes        string  `json:"notes"`
 }
 
 // ExtendSubscriptionRequest represents extend subscription request
 type ExtendSubscriptionRequest struct {
-	Days int `json:"days" binding:"required,min=1"`
+	Days int `json:"days" binding:"required,min=1,max=36500"` // max 100 years
 }
 
 // List handles listing all subscriptions with pagination and filters

backend/internal/repository/auto_migrate.go

@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
 package repository
 
-import "gorm.io/gorm"
+import (
+	"log"
+	"time"
+
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+)
+
+// MaxExpiresAt is the maximum allowed expiration date for subscriptions (year 2099)
+// This prevents time.Time JSON serialization errors (RFC 3339 requires year <= 9999)
+var maxExpiresAt = time.Date(2099, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 0, time.UTC)
 
 // AutoMigrate runs schema migrations for all repository persistence models.
 // Persistence models are defined within individual `*_repo.go` files.
 func AutoMigrate(db *gorm.DB) error {
-	return db.AutoMigrate(
+	err := db.AutoMigrate(
 		&userModel{},
 		&apiKeyModel{},
 		&groupModel{},
@@ -17,4 +26,24 @@ func AutoMigrate(db *gorm.DB) error {
 		&settingModel{},
 		&userSubscriptionModel{},
 	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// 修复无效的过期时间（年份超过 2099 会导致 JSON 序列化失败）
+	return fixInvalidExpiresAt(db)
+}
+
+// fixInvalidExpiresAt 修复 user_subscriptions 表中无效的过期时间
+func fixInvalidExpiresAt(db *gorm.DB) error {
+	result := db.Model(&userSubscriptionModel{}).
+		Where("expires_at > ?", maxExpiresAt).
+		Update("expires_at", maxExpiresAt)
+	if result.Error != nil {
+		return result.Error
+	}
+	if result.RowsAffected > 0 {
+		log.Printf("[AutoMigrate] Fixed %d subscriptions with invalid expires_at (year > 2099)", result.RowsAffected)
+	}
+	return nil
 }

backend/internal/service/subscription_service.go

@@ -10,6 +10,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/pkg/pagination"
 )
 
+// MaxExpiresAt is the maximum allowed expiration date (year 2099)
+// This prevents time.Time JSON serialization errors (RFC 3339 requires year <= 9999)
+var MaxExpiresAt = time.Date(2099, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 0, time.UTC)
+
+// MaxValidityDays is the maximum allowed validity days for subscriptions (100 years)
+const MaxValidityDays = 36500
+
 var (
 	ErrSubscriptionNotFound      = infraerrors.NotFound("SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_FOUND", "subscription not found")
 	ErrSubscriptionExpired       = infraerrors.Forbidden("SUBSCRIPTION_EXPIRED", "subscription has expired")
@@ -111,6 +118,9 @@ func (s *SubscriptionService) AssignOrExtendSubscription(ctx context.Context, in
 	if validityDays <= 0 {
 		validityDays = 30
 	}
+	if validityDays > MaxValidityDays {
+		validityDays = MaxValidityDays
+	}
 
 	// 已有订阅，执行续期
 	if existingSub != nil {
@@ -125,6 +135,11 @@ func (s *SubscriptionService) AssignOrExtendSubscription(ctx context.Context, in
 			newExpiresAt = now.AddDate(0, 0, validityDays)
 		}
 
+		// 确保不超过最大过期时间
+		if newExpiresAt.After(MaxExpiresAt) {
+			newExpiresAt = MaxExpiresAt
+		}
+
 		// 更新过期时间
 		if err := s.userSubRepo.ExtendExpiry(ctx, existingSub.ID, newExpiresAt); err != nil {
 			return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("extend subscription: %w", err)
@@ -189,13 +204,21 @@ func (s *SubscriptionService) createSubscription(ctx context.Context, input *Ass
 	if validityDays <= 0 {
 		validityDays = 30
 	}
+	if validityDays > MaxValidityDays {
+		validityDays = MaxValidityDays
+	}
 
 	now := time.Now()
+	expiresAt := now.AddDate(0, 0, validityDays)
+	if expiresAt.After(MaxExpiresAt) {
+		expiresAt = MaxExpiresAt
+	}
+
 	sub := &UserSubscription{
 		UserID:     input.UserID,
 		GroupID:    input.GroupID,
 		StartsAt:   now,
-		ExpiresAt:  now.AddDate(0, 0, validityDays),
+		ExpiresAt:  expiresAt,
 		Status:     SubscriptionStatusActive,
 		AssignedAt: now,
 		Notes:      input.Notes,
@@ -291,8 +314,17 @@ func (s *SubscriptionService) ExtendSubscription(ctx context.Context, subscripti
 		return nil, ErrSubscriptionNotFound
 	}
 
+	// 限制延长天数
+	if days > MaxValidityDays {
+		days = MaxValidityDays
+	}
+
 	// 计算新的过期时间
 	newExpiresAt := sub.ExpiresAt.AddDate(0, 0, days)
+	if newExpiresAt.After(MaxExpiresAt) {
+		newExpiresAt = MaxExpiresAt
+	}
+
 	if err := s.userSubRepo.ExtendExpiry(ctx, subscriptionID, newExpiresAt); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}