diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/admin/setting_handler.go b/backend/internal/handler/admin/setting_handler.go
index 26cd3128..e32c142f 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/admin/setting_handler.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/admin/setting_handler.go
@@ -23,11 +23,16 @@ import (
 // semverPattern 预编译 semver 格式校验正则
 var semverPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^\d+\.\d+\.\d+$`)
 
+// menuItemIDPattern validates custom menu item IDs: alphanumeric, hyphens, underscores only.
+var menuItemIDPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$`)
+
 // generateMenuItemID generates a short random hex ID for a custom menu item.
-func generateMenuItemID() string {
+func generateMenuItemID() (string, error) {
 	b := make([]byte, 8)
-	_, _ = rand.Read(b)
-	return hex.EncodeToString(b)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("generate menu item ID: %w", err)
+	}
+	return hex.EncodeToString(b), nil
 }
 
 // SettingHandler 系统设置处理器
@@ -358,10 +363,18 @@ func (h *SettingHandler) UpdateSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 			}
 			// Auto-generate ID if missing
 			if strings.TrimSpace(item.ID) == "" {
-				items[i].ID = generateMenuItemID()
+				id, err := generateMenuItemID()
+				if err != nil {
+					response.Error(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "Failed to generate menu item ID")
+					return
+				}
+				items[i].ID = id
 			} else if len(item.ID) > maxMenuItemIDLen {
 				response.BadRequest(c, "Custom menu item ID is too long (max 32 characters)")
 				return
+			} else if !menuItemIDPattern.MatchString(item.ID) {
+				response.BadRequest(c, "Custom menu item ID contains invalid characters (only a-z, A-Z, 0-9, - and _ are allowed)")
+				return
 			}
 		}
 		// ID uniqueness check
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/dto/settings.go b/backend/internal/handler/dto/settings.go
index f3c21be5..beb03e67 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/dto/settings.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/dto/settings.go
@@ -169,3 +169,15 @@ func ParseCustomMenuItems(raw string) []CustomMenuItem {
 	}
 	return items
 }
+
+// ParseUserVisibleMenuItems parses custom menu items and filters out admin-only entries.
+func ParseUserVisibleMenuItems(raw string) []CustomMenuItem {
+	items := ParseCustomMenuItems(raw)
+	filtered := make([]CustomMenuItem, 0, len(items))
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if item.Visibility != "admin" {
+			filtered = append(filtered, item)
+		}
+	}
+	return filtered
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/setting_handler.go b/backend/internal/handler/setting_handler.go
index 40277a48..a48eaf31 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/setting_handler.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/setting_handler.go
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func (h *SettingHandler) GetPublicSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 		HideCcsImportButton:         settings.HideCcsImportButton,
 		PurchaseSubscriptionEnabled: settings.PurchaseSubscriptionEnabled,
 		PurchaseSubscriptionURL:     settings.PurchaseSubscriptionURL,
-		CustomMenuItems:             dto.ParseCustomMenuItems(settings.CustomMenuItems),
+		CustomMenuItems:             dto.ParseUserVisibleMenuItems(settings.CustomMenuItems),
 		LinuxDoOAuthEnabled:         settings.LinuxDoOAuthEnabled,
 		SoraClientEnabled:           settings.SoraClientEnabled,
 		Version:                     h.version,
diff --git a/backend/internal/server/router.go b/backend/internal/server/router.go
index c44a4608..430edcf8 100644
--- a/backend/internal/server/router.go
+++ b/backend/internal/server/router.go
@@ -2,10 +2,7 @@ package server
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"log"
-	"net/url"
-	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
@@ -20,24 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
 )
 
-// extractOrigin returns the scheme+host origin from rawURL, or "" on error.
-// Only http and https schemes are accepted; other values (e.g. "//host/path") return "".
-func extractOrigin(rawURL string) string {
-	rawURL = strings.TrimSpace(rawURL)
-	if rawURL == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	u, err := url.Parse(rawURL)
-	if err != nil || u.Host == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	if u.Scheme != "http" && u.Scheme != "https" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	return u.Scheme + "://" + u.Host
-}
-
-const paymentOriginFetchTimeout = 5 * time.Second
+const frameSrcRefreshTimeout = 5 * time.Second
 
 // SetupRouter 配置路由器中间件和路由
 func SetupRouter(
@@ -54,50 +34,18 @@ func SetupRouter(
 	redisClient *redis.Client,
 ) *gin.Engine {
 	// 缓存 iframe 页面的 origin 列表，用于动态注入 CSP frame-src
-	// 包含 purchase_subscription_url 和所有 custom_menu_items 的 origin（去重）
 	var cachedFrameOrigins atomic.Pointer[[]string]
 	emptyOrigins := []string{}
 	cachedFrameOrigins.Store(&emptyOrigins)
 
 	refreshFrameOrigins := func() {
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), paymentOriginFetchTimeout)
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), frameSrcRefreshTimeout)
 		defer cancel()
-		settings, err := settingService.GetPublicSettings(ctx)
+		origins, err := settingService.GetFrameSrcOrigins(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			// 获取失败时保留已有缓存，避免 frame-src 被意外清空
 			return
 		}
-
-		seen := make(map[string]struct{})
-		var origins []string
-
-		// purchase subscription URL
-		if settings.PurchaseSubscriptionEnabled {
-			if origin := extractOrigin(settings.PurchaseSubscriptionURL); origin != "" {
-				if _, ok := seen[origin]; !ok {
-					seen[origin] = struct{}{}
-					origins = append(origins, origin)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		// custom menu items
-		if raw := strings.TrimSpace(settings.CustomMenuItems); raw != "" && raw != "[]" {
-			var items []struct {
-				URL string `json:"url"`
-			}
-			if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &items); err == nil {
-				for _, item := range items {
-					if origin := extractOrigin(item.URL); origin != "" {
-						if _, ok := seen[origin]; !ok {
-							seen[origin] = struct{}{}
-							origins = append(origins, origin)
-						}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
 		cachedFrameOrigins.Store(&origins)
 	}
 	refreshFrameOrigins() // 启动时初始化
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/setting_service.go b/backend/internal/service/setting_service.go
index 2311e150..a2bb06a4 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/setting_service.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/setting_service.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
+	"net/url"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -237,23 +238,133 @@ func (s *SettingService) GetPublicSettingsForInjection(ctx context.Context) (any
 		PurchaseSubscriptionEnabled: settings.PurchaseSubscriptionEnabled,
 		PurchaseSubscriptionURL:     settings.PurchaseSubscriptionURL,
 		SoraClientEnabled:           settings.SoraClientEnabled,
-		CustomMenuItems:             sanitizeCustomMenuItemsJSON(settings.CustomMenuItems),
+		CustomMenuItems:             filterUserVisibleMenuItems(settings.CustomMenuItems),
 		LinuxDoOAuthEnabled:         settings.LinuxDoOAuthEnabled,
 		Version:                     s.version,
 	}, nil
 }
 
-// sanitizeCustomMenuItemsJSON validates a raw JSON string and returns it as json.RawMessage.
-// Returns "[]" if the input is empty or invalid JSON.
+// sanitizeCustomMenuItemsJSON validates a raw JSON string is a valid JSON array
+// and returns it as json.RawMessage. Returns "[]" if the input is empty, not a
+// valid JSON array, or is a non-array JSON value (e.g. object, string).
 func sanitizeCustomMenuItemsJSON(raw string) json.RawMessage {
 	raw = strings.TrimSpace(raw)
 	if raw == "" || raw == "[]" {
 		return json.RawMessage("[]")
 	}
-	if json.Valid([]byte(raw)) {
-		return json.RawMessage(raw)
+	// Verify it's actually a JSON array, not an object or other type
+	var arr []json.RawMessage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &arr); err != nil {
+		return json.RawMessage("[]")
 	}
-	return json.RawMessage("[]")
+	return json.RawMessage(raw)
+}
+
+// filterUserVisibleMenuItems filters out admin-only menu items from a raw JSON
+// array string, returning only items with visibility != "admin".
+func filterUserVisibleMenuItems(raw string) json.RawMessage {
+	raw = strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+	if raw == "" || raw == "[]" {
+		return json.RawMessage("[]")
+	}
+	var items []struct {
+		Visibility string `json:"visibility"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &items); err != nil {
+		return json.RawMessage("[]")
+	}
+
+	// Parse full items to preserve all fields
+	var fullItems []json.RawMessage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &fullItems); err != nil {
+		return json.RawMessage("[]")
+	}
+
+	var filtered []json.RawMessage
+	for i, item := range items {
+		if item.Visibility != "admin" {
+			filtered = append(filtered, fullItems[i])
+		}
+	}
+	if len(filtered) == 0 {
+		return json.RawMessage("[]")
+	}
+	result, err := json.Marshal(filtered)
+	if err != nil {
+		return json.RawMessage("[]")
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// GetFrameSrcOrigins returns deduplicated http(s) origins from purchase_subscription_url
+// and all custom_menu_items URLs. Used by the router layer for CSP frame-src injection.
+func (s *SettingService) GetFrameSrcOrigins(ctx context.Context) ([]string, error) {
+	settings, err := s.GetPublicSettings(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{})
+	var origins []string
+
+	addOrigin := func(rawURL string) {
+		if origin := extractOriginFromURL(rawURL); origin != "" {
+			if _, ok := seen[origin]; !ok {
+				seen[origin] = struct{}{}
+				origins = append(origins, origin)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// purchase subscription URL
+	if settings.PurchaseSubscriptionEnabled {
+		addOrigin(settings.PurchaseSubscriptionURL)
+	}
+
+	// all custom menu items (including admin-only, since CSP must allow all iframes)
+	for _, item := range parseCustomMenuItemURLs(settings.CustomMenuItems) {
+		addOrigin(item)
+	}
+
+	return origins, nil
+}
+
+// extractOriginFromURL returns the scheme+host origin from rawURL.
+// Only http and https schemes are accepted.
+func extractOriginFromURL(rawURL string) string {
+	rawURL = strings.TrimSpace(rawURL)
+	if rawURL == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	u, err := url.Parse(rawURL)
+	if err != nil || u.Host == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if u.Scheme != "http" && u.Scheme != "https" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return u.Scheme + "://" + u.Host
+}
+
+// parseCustomMenuItemURLs extracts URLs from a raw JSON array of custom menu items.
+func parseCustomMenuItemURLs(raw string) []string {
+	raw = strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+	if raw == "" || raw == "[]" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var items []struct {
+		URL string `json:"url"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &items); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	urls := make([]string, 0, len(items))
+	for _, item := range items {
+		if item.URL != "" {
+			urls = append(urls, item.URL)
+		}
+	}
+	return urls
 }
 
 // UpdateSettings 更新系统设置