diff --git a/backend/migrations/006_add_users_allowed_groups_compat.sql b/backend/migrations/006_add_users_allowed_groups_compat.sql
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..262945d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/migrations/006_add_users_allowed_groups_compat.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+-- 兼容旧库：若尚未创建 user_allowed_groups，则确保 users.allowed_groups 存在，避免 007 迁移回填失败。
+DO $$
+BEGIN
+    IF to_regclass('public.user_allowed_groups') IS NULL THEN
+        IF EXISTS (
+            SELECT 1
+            FROM information_schema.tables
+            WHERE table_schema = 'public'
+              AND table_name = 'users'
+        ) THEN
+            ALTER TABLE users
+                ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS allowed_groups BIGINT[] DEFAULT NULL;
+        END IF;
+    END IF;
+END $$;