使用codex的生图接口代替web2api

backend/internal/service/account.go

@@ -930,10 +930,8 @@ func (a *Account) SupportsOpenAIImageCapability(capability OpenAIImagesCapabilit
 		return false
 	}
 	switch capability {
-	case OpenAIImagesCapabilityBasic:
+	case OpenAIImagesCapabilityBasic, OpenAIImagesCapabilityNative:
 		return a.Type == AccountTypeOAuth || a.Type == AccountTypeAPIKey
-	case OpenAIImagesCapabilityNative:
-		return a.Type == AccountTypeAPIKey
 	default:
 		return true
 	}

backend/internal/service/account_test_service.go

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/rand"
-	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
@@ -1138,7 +1137,7 @@ func (s *AccountTestService) testOpenAIImageAPIKey(c *gin.Context, ctx context.C
 	return nil
 }
 
-// testOpenAIImageOAuth tests OpenAI image generation using an OAuth account via ChatGPT backend API.
+// testOpenAIImageOAuth tests OpenAI image generation using an OAuth account via Codex /responses API.
 func (s *AccountTestService) testOpenAIImageOAuth(c *gin.Context, ctx context.Context, account *Account, modelID, prompt string) error {
 	authToken := account.GetOpenAIAccessToken()
 	if authToken == "" {
@@ -1153,69 +1152,46 @@ func (s *AccountTestService) testOpenAIImageOAuth(c *gin.Context, ctx context.Co
 	c.Writer.Flush()
 
 	s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "test_start", Model: modelID})
-	s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: "Initializing ChatGPT backend...\n"})
+	s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: "Calling Codex /responses image tool...\n"})
 
-	// Build headers (replicating buildOpenAIBackendAPIHeaders logic)
+	parsed := &OpenAIImagesRequest{
-	headers := buildOpenAIBackendAPIHeadersForTest(ctx, account, authToken, s.accountRepo)
+		Endpoint: openAIImagesGenerationsEndpoint,
+		Model:    strings.TrimSpace(modelID),
+		Prompt:   prompt,
+	}
+	applyOpenAIImagesDefaults(parsed)
+
+	responsesBody, err := buildOpenAIImagesResponsesRequest(parsed, parsed.Model)
+	if err != nil {
+		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to build image request: %s", err.Error()))
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, chatgptCodexAPIURL, bytes.NewReader(responsesBody))
+	if err != nil {
+		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, "Failed to create request")
+	}
+	req.Host = "chatgpt.com"
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+authToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "text/event-stream")
+	req.Header.Set("OpenAI-Beta", "responses=experimental")
+	req.Header.Set("originator", "opencode")
+	if customUA := strings.TrimSpace(account.GetOpenAIUserAgent()); customUA != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("User-Agent", customUA)
+	} else {
+		req.Header.Set("User-Agent", codexCLIUserAgent)
+	}
+	if chatgptAccountID := strings.TrimSpace(account.GetChatGPTAccountID()); chatgptAccountID != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("chatgpt-account-id", chatgptAccountID)
+	}
 
 	proxyURL := ""
 	if account.ProxyID != nil && account.Proxy != nil {
 		proxyURL = account.Proxy.URL()
 	}
-
+	resp, err := s.httpUpstream.Do(req, proxyURL, account.ID, account.Concurrency)
-	client, err := newOpenAIBackendAPIClient(proxyURL)
 	if err != nil {
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to create client: %s", err.Error()))
+		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Responses API request failed: %s", err.Error()))
-	}
-
-	// Bootstrap
-	if bootstrapErr := bootstrapOpenAIBackendAPI(ctx, client, headers); bootstrapErr != nil {
-		log.Printf("OpenAI image test bootstrap warning: %v", bootstrapErr)
-	}
-
-	// Fetch chat requirements
-	s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: "Fetching chat requirements...\n"})
-	chatReqs, err := fetchOpenAIChatRequirements(ctx, client, headers)
-	if err != nil {
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Chat requirements failed: %s", err.Error()))
-	}
-	if chatReqs.Arkose.Required {
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, "Unsupported challenge: arkose required")
-	}
-
-	// Initialize and prepare conversation
-	s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: "Preparing image conversation...\n"})
-	parentMessageID := uuid.NewString()
-	proofToken := generateOpenAIProofToken(chatReqs.ProofOfWork.Required, chatReqs.ProofOfWork.Seed, chatReqs.ProofOfWork.Difficulty, headers.Get("User-Agent"))
-	_ = initializeOpenAIImageConversation(ctx, client, headers)
-	conduitToken, err := prepareOpenAIImageConversation(ctx, client, headers, prompt, parentMessageID, chatReqs.Token, proofToken)
-	if err != nil {
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Conversation prepare failed: %s", err.Error()))
-	}
-
-	// Build simplified conversation request (no file uploads)
-	convReq := buildOpenAIImageTestConversationRequest(prompt, parentMessageID)
-	convHeaders := cloneHTTPHeader(headers)
-	convHeaders.Set("Accept", "text/event-stream")
-	convHeaders.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	convHeaders.Set("openai-sentinel-chat-requirements-token", chatReqs.Token)
-	if conduitToken != "" {
-		convHeaders.Set("x-conduit-token", conduitToken)
-	}
-	if proofToken != "" {
-		convHeaders.Set("openai-sentinel-proof-token", proofToken)
-	}
-
-	s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: "Generating image...\n"})
-
-	resp, err := client.R().
-		SetContext(ctx).
-		DisableAutoReadResponse().
-		SetHeaders(headerToMap(convHeaders)).
-		SetBodyJsonMarshal(convReq).
-		Post(openAIChatGPTConversationURL)
-	if err != nil {
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Conversation request failed: %s", err.Error()))
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		if resp != nil && resp.Body != nil {
@@ -1223,49 +1199,35 @@ func (s *AccountTestService) testOpenAIImageOAuth(c *gin.Context, ctx context.Co
 		}
 	}()
 	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Conversation API returned %d", resp.StatusCode))
+		body, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 2<<20))
+		message := strings.TrimSpace(extractUpstreamErrorMessage(body))
+		if message == "" {
+			message = fmt.Sprintf("Responses API returned %d", resp.StatusCode)
+		}
+		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, message)
 	}
 
-	startTime := time.Now()
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-	conversationID, pointerInfos, _, _, err := readOpenAIImageConversationStream(resp, startTime)
 	if err != nil {
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Stream read failed: %s", err.Error()))
+		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to read image response: %s", err.Error()))
 	}
 
-	pointerInfos = mergeOpenAIImagePointerInfos(pointerInfos, nil)
+	results, _, _, _, _, err := collectOpenAIImagesFromResponsesBody(body)
-	if conversationID != "" && !hasOpenAIFileServicePointerInfos(pointerInfos) {
+	if err != nil {
-		s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: "Waiting for image generation to complete...\n"})
+		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to parse image response: %s", err.Error()))
-		polledPointers, pollErr := pollOpenAIImageConversation(ctx, client, headers, conversationID)
-		if pollErr != nil {
-			return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Poll failed: %s", pollErr.Error()))
-		}
-		pointerInfos = mergeOpenAIImagePointerInfos(pointerInfos, polledPointers)
 	}
-	pointerInfos = preferOpenAIFileServicePointerInfos(pointerInfos)
+	if len(results) == 0 {
-	if len(pointerInfos) == 0 {
+		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, "No images returned from responses API")
-		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, "No images returned from conversation")
 	}
 
-	s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: "Downloading generated image...\n"})
+	for _, item := range results {
-
+		if item.RevisedPrompt != "" {
-	// Download and encode each image
+			s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: item.RevisedPrompt})
-	for _, pointer := range pointerInfos {
-		downloadURL, err := fetchOpenAIImageDownloadURL(ctx, client, headers, conversationID, pointer.Pointer)
-		if err != nil {
-			return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Download URL fetch failed: %s", err.Error()))
-		}
-		data, err := downloadOpenAIImageBytes(ctx, client, headers, downloadURL)
-		if err != nil {
-			return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("Image download failed: %s", err.Error()))
-		}
-		b64 := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(data)
-		mimeType := http.DetectContentType(data)
-		if pointer.Prompt != "" {
-			s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{Type: "content", Text: pointer.Prompt})
 		}
+		mimeType := openAIImageOutputMIMEType(item.OutputFormat)
 		s.sendEvent(c, TestEvent{
 			Type:     "image",
-			ImageURL: "data:" + mimeType + ";base64," + b64,
+			ImageURL: "data:" + mimeType + ";base64," + item.Result,
 			MimeType: mimeType,
 		})
 	}
@@ -1274,107 +1236,6 @@ func (s *AccountTestService) testOpenAIImageOAuth(c *gin.Context, ctx context.Co
 	return nil
 }
 
-// buildOpenAIBackendAPIHeadersForTest builds ChatGPT backend API headers for test purposes.
-// Replicates the logic from OpenAIGatewayService.buildOpenAIBackendAPIHeaders without
-// requiring the full gateway service dependency.
-func buildOpenAIBackendAPIHeadersForTest(ctx context.Context, account *Account, token string, repo AccountRepository) http.Header {
-	// Ensure device and session IDs exist
-	deviceID := account.GetOpenAIDeviceID()
-	sessionID := account.GetOpenAISessionID()
-	if deviceID == "" || sessionID == "" {
-		updates := map[string]any{}
-		if deviceID == "" {
-			deviceID = uuid.NewString()
-			updates["openai_device_id"] = deviceID
-		}
-		if sessionID == "" {
-			sessionID = uuid.NewString()
-			updates["openai_session_id"] = sessionID
-		}
-		if account.Extra == nil {
-			account.Extra = map[string]any{}
-		}
-		for key, value := range updates {
-			account.Extra[key] = value
-		}
-		if repo != nil {
-			updateCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
-			defer cancel()
-			_ = repo.UpdateExtra(updateCtx, account.ID, updates)
-		}
-	}
-
-	headers := make(http.Header)
-	headers.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
-	headers.Set("Accept", "application/json")
-	headers.Set("Origin", "https://chatgpt.com")
-	headers.Set("Referer", "https://chatgpt.com/")
-	headers.Set("Sec-Fetch-Dest", "empty")
-	headers.Set("Sec-Fetch-Mode", "cors")
-	headers.Set("Sec-Fetch-Site", "same-origin")
-	headers.Set("User-Agent", openAIImageBackendUserAgent)
-	if customUA := strings.TrimSpace(account.GetOpenAIUserAgent()); customUA != "" {
-		headers.Set("User-Agent", customUA)
-	}
-	if chatgptAccountID := strings.TrimSpace(account.GetChatGPTAccountID()); chatgptAccountID != "" {
-		headers.Set("chatgpt-account-id", chatgptAccountID)
-	}
-	if deviceID != "" {
-		headers.Set("oai-device-id", deviceID)
-		headers.Set("Cookie", "oai-did="+deviceID)
-	}
-	if sessionID != "" {
-		headers.Set("oai-session-id", sessionID)
-	}
-	return headers
-}
-
-// buildOpenAIImageTestConversationRequest creates a simplified image generation conversation request.
-func buildOpenAIImageTestConversationRequest(prompt, parentMessageID string) map[string]any {
-	promptText := strings.TrimSpace(prompt)
-	if promptText == "" {
-		promptText = "Generate an image."
-	}
-	metadata := map[string]any{
-		"developer_mode_connector_ids": []any{},
-		"selected_github_repos":        []any{},
-		"selected_all_github_repos":    false,
-		"system_hints":                 []string{"picture_v2"},
-		"serialization_metadata": map[string]any{
-			"custom_symbol_offsets": []any{},
-		},
-	}
-	message := map[string]any{
-		"id":     uuid.NewString(),
-		"author": map[string]any{"role": "user"},
-		"content": map[string]any{
-			"content_type": "text",
-			"parts":        []any{promptText},
-		},
-		"metadata":    metadata,
-		"create_time": float64(time.Now().UnixMilli()) / 1000,
-	}
-	return map[string]any{
-		"action":                   "next",
-		"client_prepare_state":     "sent",
-		"parent_message_id":        parentMessageID,
-		"messages":                 []any{message},
-		"model":                    "auto",
-		"timezone_offset_min":      openAITimezoneOffsetMinutes(),
-		"timezone":                 openAITimezoneName(),
-		"conversation_mode":        map[string]any{"kind": "primary_assistant"},
-		"system_hints":             []string{"picture_v2"},
-		"supports_buffering":       true,
-		"supported_encodings":      []string{"v1"},
-		"client_contextual_info":   map[string]any{"app_name": "chatgpt.com"},
-		"force_nulligen":           false,
-		"force_paragen":            false,
-		"force_paragen_model_slug": "",
-		"force_rate_limit":         false,
-		"websocket_request_id":     uuid.NewString(),
-	}
-}
-
 func (s *AccountTestService) sendEvent(c *gin.Context, event TestEvent) {
 	eventJSON, _ := json.Marshal(event)
 	if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(c.Writer, "data: %s\n\n", eventJSON); err != nil {

backend/internal/service/account_test_service_openai_image_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestAccountTestService_OpenAIImageOAuthHandlesOutputItemDoneFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/api/v1/admin/accounts/1/test", nil)
+
+	upstream := &httpUpstreamRecorder{
+		resp: &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Header: http.Header{
+				"Content-Type": []string{"text/event-stream"},
+			},
+			Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(
+				"data: {\"type\":\"response.output_item.done\",\"item\":{\"id\":\"ig_123\",\"type\":\"image_generation_call\",\"result\":\"aGVsbG8=\",\"revised_prompt\":\"draw a cat\",\"output_format\":\"png\"}}\n\n" +
+					"data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000006,\"tool_usage\":{\"image_gen\":{\"images\":1}},\"output\":[]}}\n\n" +
+					"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+			)),
+		},
+	}
+	svc := &AccountTestService{httpUpstream: upstream}
+	account := &Account{
+		ID:       53,
+		Name:     "openai-oauth",
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Credentials: map[string]any{
+			"access_token": "token-123",
+		},
+	}
+
+	err := svc.testOpenAIImageOAuth(c, context.Background(), account, "gpt-image-2", "draw a cat")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "Calling Codex /responses image tool")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "data:image/png;base64,aGVsbG8=")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"success\":true")
+}

backend/internal/service/openai_images.go

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ const (
 	openAIImageLifecycleTimeout  = 2 * time.Minute
 	openAIImageMaxDownloadBytes  = 20 << 20 // 20MB per image download
 	openAIImageMaxUploadPartSize = 20 << 20 // 20MB per multipart upload part
+	openAIImagesResponsesMainModel = "gpt-5.4-mini"
 )
 
 type OpenAIImagesCapability string
@@ -81,10 +82,21 @@ type OpenAIImagesRequest struct {
 	ExplicitSize       bool
 	SizeTier           string
 	ResponseFormat     string
+	Quality            string
+	Background         string
+	OutputFormat       string
+	Moderation         string
+	InputFidelity      string
+	Style              string
+	OutputCompression  *int
+	PartialImages      *int
 	HasMask            bool
 	HasNativeOptions   bool
 	RequiredCapability OpenAIImagesCapability
+	InputImageURLs     []string
+	MaskImageURL       string
 	Uploads            []OpenAIImagesUpload
+	MaskUpload         *OpenAIImagesUpload
 	Body               []byte
 	bodyHash           string
 }
@@ -188,7 +200,54 @@ func parseOpenAIImagesJSONRequest(body []byte, req *OpenAIImagesRequest) error {
 		req.ExplicitSize = req.Size != ""
 	}
 	req.ResponseFormat = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "response_format").String()))
+	req.Quality = strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "quality").String())
+	req.Background = strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "background").String())
+	req.OutputFormat = strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "output_format").String())
+	req.Moderation = strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "moderation").String())
+	req.InputFidelity = strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "input_fidelity").String())
+	req.Style = strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "style").String())
 	req.HasMask = gjson.GetBytes(body, "mask").Exists()
+	if outputCompression := gjson.GetBytes(body, "output_compression"); outputCompression.Exists() {
+		if outputCompression.Type != gjson.Number {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid output_compression field type")
+		}
+		v := int(outputCompression.Int())
+		req.OutputCompression = &v
+	}
+	if partialImages := gjson.GetBytes(body, "partial_images"); partialImages.Exists() {
+		if partialImages.Type != gjson.Number {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid partial_images field type")
+		}
+		v := int(partialImages.Int())
+		req.PartialImages = &v
+	}
+	if req.IsEdits() {
+		images := gjson.GetBytes(body, "images")
+		if images.Exists() {
+			if !images.IsArray() {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid images field type")
+			}
+			for _, item := range images.Array() {
+				if imageURL := strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("image_url").String()); imageURL != "" {
+					req.InputImageURLs = append(req.InputImageURLs, imageURL)
+					continue
+				}
+				if item.Get("file_id").Exists() {
+					return fmt.Errorf("images[].file_id is not supported (use images[].image_url instead)")
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if maskImageURL := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "mask.image_url").String()); maskImageURL != "" {
+			req.MaskImageURL = maskImageURL
+			req.HasMask = true
+		}
+		if gjson.GetBytes(body, "mask.file_id").Exists() {
+			return fmt.Errorf("mask.file_id is not supported (use mask.image_url instead)")
+		}
+		if len(req.InputImageURLs) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("images[].image_url is required")
+		}
+	}
 	req.HasNativeOptions = hasOpenAINativeImageOptions(func(path string) bool {
 		return gjson.GetBytes(body, path).Exists()
 	})
@@ -231,6 +290,16 @@ func parseOpenAIImagesMultipartRequest(body []byte, contentType string, req *Ope
 			partContentType := strings.TrimSpace(part.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
 			if name == "mask" && len(data) > 0 {
 				req.HasMask = true
+				width, height := parseOpenAIImageDimensions(part.Header)
+				maskUpload := OpenAIImagesUpload{
+					FieldName:   name,
+					FileName:    fileName,
+					ContentType: partContentType,
+					Data:        data,
+					Width:       width,
+					Height:      height,
+				}
+				req.MaskUpload = &maskUpload
 			}
 			if name == "image" || strings.HasPrefix(name, "image[") {
 				width, height := parseOpenAIImageDimensions(part.Header)
@@ -270,6 +339,38 @@ func parseOpenAIImagesMultipartRequest(body []byte, contentType string, req *Ope
 				return fmt.Errorf("n must be a positive integer")
 			}
 			req.N = n
+		case "quality":
+			req.Quality = value
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
+		case "background":
+			req.Background = value
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
+		case "output_format":
+			req.OutputFormat = value
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
+		case "moderation":
+			req.Moderation = value
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
+		case "input_fidelity":
+			req.InputFidelity = value
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
+		case "style":
+			req.Style = value
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
+		case "output_compression":
+			n, err := strconv.Atoi(value)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid output_compression field value")
+			}
+			req.OutputCompression = &n
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
+		case "partial_images":
+			n, err := strconv.Atoi(value)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid partial_images field value")
+			}
+			req.PartialImages = &n
+			req.HasNativeOptions = true
 		default:
 			if isOpenAINativeImageOption(name) && value != "" {
 				req.HasNativeOptions = true
@@ -359,6 +460,8 @@ func hasOpenAINativeImageOptions(exists func(path string) bool) bool {
 		"output_format",
 		"output_compression",
 		"moderation",
+		"input_fidelity",
+		"partial_images",
 	} {
 		if exists(path) {
 			return true
@@ -369,7 +472,7 @@ func hasOpenAINativeImageOptions(exists func(path string) bool) bool {
 
 func isOpenAINativeImageOption(name string) bool {
 	switch strings.TrimSpace(strings.ToLower(name)) {
-	case "background", "quality", "style", "output_format", "output_compression", "moderation":
+	case "background", "quality", "style", "output_format", "output_compression", "moderation", "input_fidelity", "partial_images":
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -782,156 +885,6 @@ func extractOpenAIImageCountFromJSONBytes(body []byte) int {
 	return 0
 }
 
-func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) forwardOpenAIImagesOAuth(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	c *gin.Context,
-	account *Account,
-	parsed *OpenAIImagesRequest,
-	channelMappedModel string,
-) (*OpenAIForwardResult, error) {
-	startTime := time.Now()
-	requestModel := strings.TrimSpace(parsed.Model)
-	if mapped := strings.TrimSpace(channelMappedModel); mapped != "" {
-		requestModel = mapped
-	}
-	if err := validateOpenAIImagesModel(requestModel); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	logger.LegacyPrintf(
-		"service.openai_gateway",
-		"[OpenAI] Images request routing request_model=%s endpoint=%s account_type=%s uploads=%d",
-		requestModel,
-		parsed.Endpoint,
-		account.Type,
-		len(parsed.Uploads),
-	)
-
-	token, _, err := s.GetAccessToken(ctx, account)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	client, err := newOpenAIBackendAPIClient(resolveOpenAIProxyURL(account))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	headers, err := s.buildOpenAIBackendAPIHeaders(account, token)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if bootstrapErr := bootstrapOpenAIBackendAPI(ctx, client, headers); bootstrapErr != nil {
-		logger.LegacyPrintf("service.openai_gateway", "OpenAI image bootstrap failed: %v", bootstrapErr)
-	}
-
-	chatReqs, err := fetchOpenAIChatRequirements(ctx, client, headers)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, s.wrapOpenAIImageBackendError(ctx, c, account, err)
-	}
-	if chatReqs.Arkose.Required {
-		return nil, s.wrapOpenAIImageBackendError(
-			ctx,
-			c,
-			account,
-			newOpenAIImageSyntheticStatusError(
-				http.StatusForbidden,
-				"chat-requirements requires unsupported challenge (arkose)",
-				openAIChatGPTChatRequirementsURL,
-			),
-		)
-	}
-
-	parentMessageID := uuid.NewString()
-	proofToken := generateOpenAIProofToken(chatReqs.ProofOfWork.Required, chatReqs.ProofOfWork.Seed, chatReqs.ProofOfWork.Difficulty, headers.Get("User-Agent"))
-	_ = initializeOpenAIImageConversation(ctx, client, headers)
-	conduitToken, err := prepareOpenAIImageConversation(ctx, client, headers, parsed.Prompt, parentMessageID, chatReqs.Token, proofToken)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, s.wrapOpenAIImageBackendError(ctx, c, account, err)
-	}
-
-	uploads, err := uploadOpenAIImageFiles(ctx, client, headers, parsed.Uploads)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, s.wrapOpenAIImageBackendError(ctx, c, account, err)
-	}
-
-	convReq := buildOpenAIImageConversationRequest(parsed, parentMessageID, uploads)
-	if parsedContent, err := json.Marshal(convReq); err == nil {
-		setOpsUpstreamRequestBody(c, parsedContent)
-	}
-	convHeaders := cloneHTTPHeader(headers)
-	convHeaders.Set("Accept", "text/event-stream")
-	convHeaders.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	convHeaders.Set("openai-sentinel-chat-requirements-token", chatReqs.Token)
-	if conduitToken != "" {
-		convHeaders.Set("x-conduit-token", conduitToken)
-	}
-	if proofToken != "" {
-		convHeaders.Set("openai-sentinel-proof-token", proofToken)
-	}
-
-	resp, err := client.R().
-		SetContext(ctx).
-		DisableAutoReadResponse().
-		SetHeaders(headerToMap(convHeaders)).
-		SetBodyJsonMarshal(convReq).
-		Post(openAIChatGPTConversationURL)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("openai image conversation request failed: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer func() {
-		if resp != nil && resp.Body != nil {
-			_ = resp.Body.Close()
-		}
-	}()
-	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
-		return nil, s.wrapOpenAIImageBackendError(ctx, c, account, handleOpenAIImageBackendError(resp))
-	}
-
-	conversationID, pointerInfos, usage, firstTokenMs, err := readOpenAIImageConversationStream(resp, startTime)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	pointerInfos = mergeOpenAIImagePointerInfos(pointerInfos, nil)
-	logger.LegacyPrintf(
-		"service.openai_gateway",
-		"[OpenAI] Image extraction stream conversation_id=%s total_assets=%d file_service_assets=%d direct_assets=%d",
-		conversationID,
-		len(pointerInfos),
-		countOpenAIFileServicePointerInfos(pointerInfos),
-		countOpenAIDirectImageAssets(pointerInfos),
-	)
-	lifecycleCtx, releaseLifecycleCtx := detachOpenAIImageLifecycleContext(ctx, openAIImageLifecycleTimeout)
-	defer releaseLifecycleCtx()
-	if conversationID != "" && !hasOpenAIFileServicePointerInfos(pointerInfos) {
-		polledPointers, pollErr := pollOpenAIImageConversation(lifecycleCtx, client, headers, conversationID)
-		if pollErr != nil {
-			return nil, s.wrapOpenAIImageBackendError(ctx, c, account, pollErr)
-		}
-		pointerInfos = mergeOpenAIImagePointerInfos(pointerInfos, polledPointers)
-	}
-	pointerInfos = preferOpenAIFileServicePointerInfos(pointerInfos)
-	if len(pointerInfos) == 0 {
-		logger.LegacyPrintf("service.openai_gateway", "[OpenAI] Image extraction yielded no assets conversation_id=%s", conversationID)
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("openai image conversation returned no downloadable images")
-	}
-
-	responseBody, imageCount, err := buildOpenAIImageResponse(lifecycleCtx, client, headers, conversationID, pointerInfos)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, s.wrapOpenAIImageBackendError(ctx, c, account, err)
-	}
-
-	c.Data(http.StatusOK, "application/json; charset=utf-8", responseBody)
-	return &OpenAIForwardResult{
-		RequestID:     resp.Header.Get("x-request-id"),
-		Usage:         usage,
-		Model:         requestModel,
-		UpstreamModel: requestModel,
-		Stream:        false,
-		Duration:      time.Since(startTime),
-		FirstTokenMs:  firstTokenMs,
-		ImageCount:    imageCount,
-		ImageSize:     parsed.SizeTier,
-	}, nil
-}
-
 func resolveOpenAIProxyURL(account *Account) string {
 	if account != nil && account.ProxyID != nil && account.Proxy != nil {
 		return account.Proxy.URL()

backend/internal/service/openai_images_responses.go

@@ -0,0 +1,692 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/pkg/logger"
+	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/util/responseheaders"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+	"github.com/tidwall/sjson"
+)
+
+type openAIResponsesImageResult struct {
+	Result        string
+	RevisedPrompt string
+	OutputFormat  string
+	Size          string
+	Background    string
+	Quality       string
+}
+
+func openAIResponsesImageResultKey(itemID string, result openAIResponsesImageResult) string {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(result.Result) != "" {
+		return strings.TrimSpace(result.OutputFormat) + "|" + strings.TrimSpace(result.Result)
+	}
+	return "item:" + strings.TrimSpace(itemID)
+}
+
+func appendOpenAIResponsesImageResultDedup(results *[]openAIResponsesImageResult, seen map[string]struct{}, itemID string, result openAIResponsesImageResult) bool {
+	if results == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	key := openAIResponsesImageResultKey(itemID, result)
+	if key != "" {
+		if _, exists := seen[key]; exists {
+			return false
+		}
+		seen[key] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	*results = append(*results, result)
+	return true
+}
+
+func openAIImageOutputMIMEType(outputFormat string) string {
+	if outputFormat == "" {
+		return "image/png"
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(outputFormat, "/") {
+		return outputFormat
+	}
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(outputFormat)) {
+	case "png":
+		return "image/png"
+	case "jpg", "jpeg":
+		return "image/jpeg"
+	case "webp":
+		return "image/webp"
+	default:
+		return "image/png"
+	}
+}
+
+func openAIImageUploadToDataURL(upload OpenAIImagesUpload) (string, error) {
+	if len(upload.Data) == 0 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("upload %q is empty", strings.TrimSpace(upload.FileName))
+	}
+	contentType := strings.TrimSpace(upload.ContentType)
+	if contentType == "" {
+		contentType = http.DetectContentType(upload.Data)
+	}
+	return "data:" + contentType + ";base64," + base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(upload.Data), nil
+}
+
+func buildOpenAIImagesResponsesRequest(parsed *OpenAIImagesRequest, toolModel string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if parsed == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsed images request is required")
+	}
+	prompt := strings.TrimSpace(parsed.Prompt)
+	if prompt == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("prompt is required")
+	}
+
+	inputImages := make([]string, 0, len(parsed.InputImageURLs)+len(parsed.Uploads))
+	for _, imageURL := range parsed.InputImageURLs {
+		if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(imageURL); trimmed != "" {
+			inputImages = append(inputImages, trimmed)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, upload := range parsed.Uploads {
+		dataURL, err := openAIImageUploadToDataURL(upload)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		inputImages = append(inputImages, dataURL)
+	}
+	if parsed.IsEdits() && len(inputImages) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("image input is required")
+	}
+
+	req := []byte(`{"instructions":"","stream":true,"reasoning":{"effort":"medium","summary":"auto"},"parallel_tool_calls":true,"include":["reasoning.encrypted_content"],"model":"","store":false,"tool_choice":{"type":"image_generation"}}`)
+	req, _ = sjson.SetBytes(req, "model", openAIImagesResponsesMainModel)
+
+	input := []byte(`[{"type":"message","role":"user","content":[{"type":"input_text","text":""}]}]`)
+	input, _ = sjson.SetBytes(input, "0.content.0.text", prompt)
+	for index, imageURL := range inputImages {
+		part := []byte(`{"type":"input_image","image_url":""}`)
+		part, _ = sjson.SetBytes(part, "image_url", imageURL)
+		input, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(input, fmt.Sprintf("0.content.%d", index+1), part)
+	}
+	req, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(req, "input", input)
+
+	action := "generate"
+	if parsed.IsEdits() {
+		action = "edit"
+	}
+	tool := []byte(`{"type":"image_generation","action":"","model":""}`)
+	tool, _ = sjson.SetBytes(tool, "action", action)
+	tool, _ = sjson.SetBytes(tool, "model", strings.TrimSpace(toolModel))
+
+	for _, field := range []struct {
+		path  string
+		value string
+	}{
+		{path: "size", value: parsed.Size},
+		{path: "quality", value: parsed.Quality},
+		{path: "background", value: parsed.Background},
+		{path: "output_format", value: parsed.OutputFormat},
+		{path: "moderation", value: parsed.Moderation},
+		{path: "input_fidelity", value: parsed.InputFidelity},
+		{path: "style", value: parsed.Style},
+	} {
+		if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(field.value); trimmed != "" {
+			tool, _ = sjson.SetBytes(tool, field.path, trimmed)
+		}
+	}
+	if parsed.N > 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codex /responses image tool currently supports only n=1")
+	}
+	if parsed.OutputCompression != nil {
+		tool, _ = sjson.SetBytes(tool, "output_compression", *parsed.OutputCompression)
+	}
+	if parsed.PartialImages != nil {
+		tool, _ = sjson.SetBytes(tool, "partial_images", *parsed.PartialImages)
+	}
+
+	maskImageURL := strings.TrimSpace(parsed.MaskImageURL)
+	if parsed.MaskUpload != nil {
+		dataURL, err := openAIImageUploadToDataURL(*parsed.MaskUpload)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		maskImageURL = dataURL
+	}
+	if maskImageURL != "" {
+		tool, _ = sjson.SetBytes(tool, "input_image_mask.image_url", maskImageURL)
+	}
+
+	req, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(req, "tools", []byte(`[]`))
+	req, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(req, "tools.-1", tool)
+	return req, nil
+}
+
+func extractOpenAIImagesFromResponsesCompleted(payload []byte) ([]openAIResponsesImageResult, int64, []byte, openAIResponsesImageResult, error) {
+	if gjson.GetBytes(payload, "type").String() != "response.completed" {
+		return nil, 0, nil, openAIResponsesImageResult{}, fmt.Errorf("unexpected event type")
+	}
+
+	createdAt := gjson.GetBytes(payload, "response.created_at").Int()
+	if createdAt <= 0 {
+		createdAt = time.Now().Unix()
+	}
+
+	var (
+		results   []openAIResponsesImageResult
+		firstMeta openAIResponsesImageResult
+	)
+	output := gjson.GetBytes(payload, "response.output")
+	if output.IsArray() {
+		for _, item := range output.Array() {
+			if item.Get("type").String() != "image_generation_call" {
+				continue
+			}
+			result := strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("result").String())
+			if result == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			entry := openAIResponsesImageResult{
+				Result:        result,
+				RevisedPrompt: strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("revised_prompt").String()),
+				OutputFormat:  strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("output_format").String()),
+				Size:          strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("size").String()),
+				Background:    strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("background").String()),
+				Quality:       strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("quality").String()),
+			}
+			if len(results) == 0 {
+				firstMeta = entry
+			}
+			results = append(results, entry)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var usageRaw []byte
+	if usage := gjson.GetBytes(payload, "response.tool_usage.image_gen"); usage.Exists() && usage.IsObject() {
+		usageRaw = []byte(usage.Raw)
+	}
+	return results, createdAt, usageRaw, firstMeta, nil
+}
+
+func extractOpenAIImageFromResponsesOutputItemDone(payload []byte) (openAIResponsesImageResult, string, bool, error) {
+	if gjson.GetBytes(payload, "type").String() != "response.output_item.done" {
+		return openAIResponsesImageResult{}, "", false, fmt.Errorf("unexpected event type")
+	}
+
+	item := gjson.GetBytes(payload, "item")
+	if !item.Exists() || item.Get("type").String() != "image_generation_call" {
+		return openAIResponsesImageResult{}, "", false, nil
+	}
+
+	result := strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("result").String())
+	if result == "" {
+		return openAIResponsesImageResult{}, "", false, nil
+	}
+
+	entry := openAIResponsesImageResult{
+		Result:        result,
+		RevisedPrompt: strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("revised_prompt").String()),
+		OutputFormat:  strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("output_format").String()),
+		Size:          strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("size").String()),
+		Background:    strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("background").String()),
+		Quality:       strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("quality").String()),
+	}
+	return entry, strings.TrimSpace(item.Get("id").String()), true, nil
+}
+
+func collectOpenAIImagesFromResponsesBody(body []byte) ([]openAIResponsesImageResult, int64, []byte, openAIResponsesImageResult, bool, error) {
+	var (
+		fallbackResults []openAIResponsesImageResult
+		fallbackSeen    = make(map[string]struct{})
+		createdAt       int64
+		usageRaw        []byte
+		foundFinal      bool
+	)
+
+	for _, line := range bytes.Split(body, []byte("\n")) {
+		line = bytes.TrimRight(line, "\r")
+		data, ok := extractOpenAISSEDataLine(string(line))
+		if !ok || data == "" || data == "[DONE]" {
+			continue
+		}
+		payload := []byte(data)
+		if !gjson.ValidBytes(payload) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		switch gjson.GetBytes(payload, "type").String() {
+		case "response.created":
+			if createdAt <= 0 {
+				createdAt = gjson.GetBytes(payload, "response.created_at").Int()
+			}
+		case "response.output_item.done":
+			result, itemID, ok, err := extractOpenAIImageFromResponsesOutputItemDone(payload)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, 0, nil, openAIResponsesImageResult{}, false, err
+			}
+			if ok {
+				appendOpenAIResponsesImageResultDedup(&fallbackResults, fallbackSeen, itemID, result)
+			}
+		case "response.completed":
+			results, completedAt, completedUsageRaw, firstMeta, err := extractOpenAIImagesFromResponsesCompleted(payload)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, 0, nil, openAIResponsesImageResult{}, false, err
+			}
+			foundFinal = true
+			if completedAt > 0 {
+				createdAt = completedAt
+			}
+			if len(completedUsageRaw) > 0 {
+				usageRaw = completedUsageRaw
+			}
+			if len(results) > 0 {
+				return results, createdAt, usageRaw, firstMeta, true, nil
+			}
+			if len(fallbackResults) > 0 {
+				return fallbackResults, createdAt, usageRaw, fallbackResults[0], true, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(fallbackResults) > 0 {
+		return fallbackResults, createdAt, usageRaw, fallbackResults[0], foundFinal, nil
+	}
+	return nil, createdAt, usageRaw, openAIResponsesImageResult{}, foundFinal, nil
+}
+
+func buildOpenAIImagesAPIResponse(
+	results []openAIResponsesImageResult,
+	createdAt int64,
+	usageRaw []byte,
+	firstMeta openAIResponsesImageResult,
+	responseFormat string,
+) ([]byte, error) {
+	if createdAt <= 0 {
+		createdAt = time.Now().Unix()
+	}
+	out := []byte(`{"created":0,"data":[]}`)
+	out, _ = sjson.SetBytes(out, "created", createdAt)
+
+	format := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(responseFormat))
+	if format == "" {
+		format = "b64_json"
+	}
+	for _, img := range results {
+		item := []byte(`{}`)
+		if format == "url" {
+			item, _ = sjson.SetBytes(item, "url", "data:"+openAIImageOutputMIMEType(img.OutputFormat)+";base64,"+img.Result)
+		} else {
+			item, _ = sjson.SetBytes(item, "b64_json", img.Result)
+		}
+		if img.RevisedPrompt != "" {
+			item, _ = sjson.SetBytes(item, "revised_prompt", img.RevisedPrompt)
+		}
+		out, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(out, "data.-1", item)
+	}
+	if firstMeta.Background != "" {
+		out, _ = sjson.SetBytes(out, "background", firstMeta.Background)
+	}
+	if firstMeta.OutputFormat != "" {
+		out, _ = sjson.SetBytes(out, "output_format", firstMeta.OutputFormat)
+	}
+	if firstMeta.Quality != "" {
+		out, _ = sjson.SetBytes(out, "quality", firstMeta.Quality)
+	}
+	if firstMeta.Size != "" {
+		out, _ = sjson.SetBytes(out, "size", firstMeta.Size)
+	}
+	if len(usageRaw) > 0 && gjson.ValidBytes(usageRaw) {
+		out, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(out, "usage", usageRaw)
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func openAIImagesStreamPrefix(parsed *OpenAIImagesRequest) string {
+	if parsed != nil && parsed.IsEdits() {
+		return "image_edit"
+	}
+	return "image_generation"
+}
+
+func buildOpenAIImagesStreamErrorBody(message string) []byte {
+	body := []byte(`{"type":"error","error":{"type":"upstream_error","message":""}}`)
+	if strings.TrimSpace(message) == "" {
+		message = "upstream request failed"
+	}
+	body, _ = sjson.SetBytes(body, "error.message", message)
+	return body
+}
+
+func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c *gin.Context, flusher http.Flusher, eventName string, payload []byte) error {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(eventName) != "" {
+		if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(c.Writer, "event: %s\n", eventName); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(c.Writer, "data: %s\n\n", payload); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	flusher.Flush()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) handleOpenAIImagesOAuthNonStreamingResponse(
+	resp *http.Response,
+	c *gin.Context,
+	responseFormat string,
+) (OpenAIUsage, int, error) {
+	body, err := ReadUpstreamResponseBody(resp.Body, s.cfg, c, openAITooLargeError)
+	if err != nil {
+		return OpenAIUsage{}, 0, err
+	}
+
+	var usage OpenAIUsage
+	for _, line := range bytes.Split(body, []byte("\n")) {
+		line = bytes.TrimRight(line, "\r")
+		data, ok := extractOpenAISSEDataLine(string(line))
+		if !ok || data == "" || data == "[DONE]" {
+			continue
+		}
+		dataBytes := []byte(data)
+		s.parseSSEUsageBytes(dataBytes, &usage)
+	}
+	results, createdAt, usageRaw, firstMeta, _, err := collectOpenAIImagesFromResponsesBody(body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return OpenAIUsage{}, 0, err
+	}
+	if len(results) == 0 {
+		return OpenAIUsage{}, 0, fmt.Errorf("upstream did not return image output")
+	}
+
+	responseBody, err := buildOpenAIImagesAPIResponse(results, createdAt, usageRaw, firstMeta, responseFormat)
+	if err != nil {
+		return OpenAIUsage{}, 0, err
+	}
+	responseheaders.WriteFilteredHeaders(c.Writer.Header(), resp.Header, s.responseHeaderFilter)
+	c.Data(resp.StatusCode, "application/json; charset=utf-8", responseBody)
+	return usage, len(results), nil
+}
+
+func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) handleOpenAIImagesOAuthStreamingResponse(
+	resp *http.Response,
+	c *gin.Context,
+	startTime time.Time,
+	responseFormat string,
+	streamPrefix string,
+) (OpenAIUsage, int, *int, error) {
+	responseheaders.WriteFilteredHeaders(c.Writer.Header(), resp.Header, s.responseHeaderFilter)
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/event-stream")
+	c.Header("Cache-Control", "no-cache")
+	c.Header("Connection", "keep-alive")
+	c.Status(resp.StatusCode)
+
+	flusher, ok := c.Writer.(http.Flusher)
+	if !ok {
+		return OpenAIUsage{}, 0, nil, fmt.Errorf("streaming is not supported by response writer")
+	}
+
+	format := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(responseFormat))
+	if format == "" {
+		format = "b64_json"
+	}
+
+	reader := bufio.NewReader(resp.Body)
+	usage := OpenAIUsage{}
+	imageCount := 0
+	var firstTokenMs *int
+	emitted := make(map[string]struct{})
+
+	for {
+		line, err := reader.ReadBytes('\n')
+		if len(line) > 0 {
+			trimmedLine := strings.TrimRight(string(line), "\r\n")
+			data, ok := extractOpenAISSEDataLine(trimmedLine)
+			if ok && data != "" && data != "[DONE]" {
+				if firstTokenMs == nil {
+					ms := int(time.Since(startTime).Milliseconds())
+					firstTokenMs = &ms
+				}
+				dataBytes := []byte(data)
+				s.parseSSEUsageBytes(dataBytes, &usage)
+				if gjson.ValidBytes(dataBytes) {
+					switch gjson.GetBytes(dataBytes, "type").String() {
+					case "response.image_generation_call.partial_image":
+						b64 := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(dataBytes, "partial_image_b64").String())
+						if b64 != "" {
+							eventName := streamPrefix + ".partial_image"
+							payload := []byte(`{"type":"","partial_image_index":0}`)
+							payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "type", eventName)
+							payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "partial_image_index", gjson.GetBytes(dataBytes, "partial_image_index").Int())
+							if format == "url" {
+								outputFormat := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(dataBytes, "output_format").String())
+								payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "url", "data:"+openAIImageOutputMIMEType(outputFormat)+";base64,"+b64)
+							} else {
+								payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "b64_json", b64)
+							}
+							if writeErr := s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, eventName, payload); writeErr != nil {
+								return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, writeErr
+							}
+						}
+					case "response.output_item.done":
+						img, itemID, ok, extractErr := extractOpenAIImageFromResponsesOutputItemDone(dataBytes)
+						if extractErr != nil {
+							_ = s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, "error", buildOpenAIImagesStreamErrorBody(extractErr.Error()))
+							return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, extractErr
+						}
+						if !ok {
+							break
+						}
+						key := openAIResponsesImageResultKey(itemID, img)
+						if _, exists := emitted[key]; exists {
+							break
+						}
+						eventName := streamPrefix + ".completed"
+						payload := []byte(`{"type":""}`)
+						payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "type", eventName)
+						if format == "url" {
+							payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "url", "data:"+openAIImageOutputMIMEType(img.OutputFormat)+";base64,"+img.Result)
+						} else {
+							payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "b64_json", img.Result)
+						}
+						if img.RevisedPrompt != "" {
+							payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "revised_prompt", img.RevisedPrompt)
+						}
+						if writeErr := s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, eventName, payload); writeErr != nil {
+							return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, writeErr
+						}
+						emitted[key] = struct{}{}
+						imageCount = len(emitted)
+					case "response.completed":
+						results, _, usageRaw, _, extractErr := extractOpenAIImagesFromResponsesCompleted(dataBytes)
+						if extractErr != nil {
+							_ = s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, "error", buildOpenAIImagesStreamErrorBody(extractErr.Error()))
+							return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, extractErr
+						}
+						if len(results) == 0 {
+							if imageCount > 0 {
+								return usage, imageCount, firstTokenMs, nil
+							}
+							err = fmt.Errorf("upstream did not return image output")
+							_ = s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, "error", buildOpenAIImagesStreamErrorBody(err.Error()))
+							return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, err
+						}
+						eventName := streamPrefix + ".completed"
+						for _, img := range results {
+							key := openAIResponsesImageResultKey("", img)
+							if _, exists := emitted[key]; exists {
+								continue
+							}
+							payload := []byte(`{"type":""}`)
+							payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "type", eventName)
+							if format == "url" {
+								payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "url", "data:"+openAIImageOutputMIMEType(img.OutputFormat)+";base64,"+img.Result)
+							} else {
+								payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "b64_json", img.Result)
+							}
+							if img.RevisedPrompt != "" {
+								payload, _ = sjson.SetBytes(payload, "revised_prompt", img.RevisedPrompt)
+							}
+							if len(usageRaw) > 0 && gjson.ValidBytes(usageRaw) {
+								payload, _ = sjson.SetRawBytes(payload, "usage", usageRaw)
+							}
+							if writeErr := s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, eventName, payload); writeErr != nil {
+								return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, writeErr
+							}
+							emitted[key] = struct{}{}
+						}
+						imageCount = len(emitted)
+						return usage, imageCount, firstTokenMs, nil
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			break
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			_ = s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, "error", buildOpenAIImagesStreamErrorBody(err.Error()))
+			return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if imageCount > 0 {
+		return usage, imageCount, firstTokenMs, nil
+	}
+
+	streamErr := fmt.Errorf("stream disconnected before image generation completed")
+	_ = s.writeOpenAIImagesStreamEvent(c, flusher, "error", buildOpenAIImagesStreamErrorBody(streamErr.Error()))
+	return OpenAIUsage{}, imageCount, firstTokenMs, streamErr
+}
+
+func (s *OpenAIGatewayService) forwardOpenAIImagesOAuth(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	c *gin.Context,
+	account *Account,
+	parsed *OpenAIImagesRequest,
+	channelMappedModel string,
+) (*OpenAIForwardResult, error) {
+	startTime := time.Now()
+	requestModel := strings.TrimSpace(parsed.Model)
+	if mapped := strings.TrimSpace(channelMappedModel); mapped != "" {
+		requestModel = mapped
+	}
+	if requestModel == "" {
+		requestModel = "gpt-image-2"
+	}
+	if err := validateOpenAIImagesModel(requestModel); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	logger.LegacyPrintf(
+		"service.openai_gateway",
+		"[OpenAI] Images request routing request_model=%s endpoint=%s account_type=%s uploads=%d",
+		requestModel,
+		parsed.Endpoint,
+		account.Type,
+		len(parsed.Uploads),
+	)
+
+	token, _, err := s.GetAccessToken(ctx, account)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	responsesBody, err := buildOpenAIImagesResponsesRequest(parsed, requestModel)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	setOpsUpstreamRequestBody(c, responsesBody)
+
+	upstreamReq, err := s.buildUpstreamRequest(ctx, c, account, responsesBody, token, true, parsed.StickySessionSeed(), false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	upstreamReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	upstreamReq.Header.Set("Accept", "text/event-stream")
+
+	proxyURL := ""
+	if account.ProxyID != nil && account.Proxy != nil {
+		proxyURL = account.Proxy.URL()
+	}
+	upstreamStart := time.Now()
+	resp, err := s.httpUpstream.Do(upstreamReq, proxyURL, account.ID, account.Concurrency)
+	SetOpsLatencyMs(c, OpsUpstreamLatencyMsKey, time.Since(upstreamStart).Milliseconds())
+	if err != nil {
+		safeErr := sanitizeUpstreamErrorMessage(err.Error())
+		setOpsUpstreamError(c, 0, safeErr, "")
+		appendOpsUpstreamError(c, OpsUpstreamErrorEvent{
+			Platform:           account.Platform,
+			AccountID:          account.ID,
+			AccountName:        account.Name,
+			UpstreamStatusCode: 0,
+			UpstreamURL:        safeUpstreamURL(upstreamReq.URL.String()),
+			Kind:               "request_error",
+			Message:            safeErr,
+		})
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("upstream request failed: %s", safeErr)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
+		respBody, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 2<<20))
+		_ = resp.Body.Close()
+		resp.Body = io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(respBody))
+		upstreamMsg := strings.TrimSpace(extractUpstreamErrorMessage(respBody))
+		upstreamMsg = sanitizeUpstreamErrorMessage(upstreamMsg)
+		if s.shouldFailoverOpenAIUpstreamResponse(resp.StatusCode, upstreamMsg, respBody) {
+			appendOpsUpstreamError(c, OpsUpstreamErrorEvent{
+				Platform:           account.Platform,
+				AccountID:          account.ID,
+				AccountName:        account.Name,
+				UpstreamStatusCode: resp.StatusCode,
+				UpstreamRequestID:  resp.Header.Get("x-request-id"),
+				UpstreamURL:        safeUpstreamURL(upstreamReq.URL.String()),
+				Kind:               "failover",
+				Message:            upstreamMsg,
+			})
+			s.handleFailoverSideEffects(ctx, resp, account)
+			return nil, &UpstreamFailoverError{
+				StatusCode:             resp.StatusCode,
+				ResponseBody:           respBody,
+				RetryableOnSameAccount: account.IsPoolMode() && isPoolModeRetryableStatus(resp.StatusCode),
+			}
+		}
+		return s.handleErrorResponse(ctx, resp, c, account, responsesBody)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+
+	var (
+		usage        OpenAIUsage
+		imageCount   = parsed.N
+		firstTokenMs *int
+	)
+	if parsed.Stream {
+		usage, imageCount, firstTokenMs, err = s.handleOpenAIImagesOAuthStreamingResponse(resp, c, startTime, parsed.ResponseFormat, openAIImagesStreamPrefix(parsed))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	} else {
+		usage, imageCount, err = s.handleOpenAIImagesOAuthNonStreamingResponse(resp, c, parsed.ResponseFormat)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	if imageCount <= 0 {
+		imageCount = parsed.N
+	}
+	return &OpenAIForwardResult{
+		RequestID:       resp.Header.Get("x-request-id"),
+		Usage:           usage,
+		Model:           requestModel,
+		UpstreamModel:   requestModel,
+		Stream:          parsed.Stream,
+		ResponseHeaders: resp.Header.Clone(),
+		Duration:        time.Since(startTime),
+		FirstTokenMs:    firstTokenMs,
+		ImageCount:      imageCount,
+		ImageSize:       parsed.SizeTier,
+	}, nil
+}

backend/internal/service/openai_images_test.go

@@ -3,13 +3,17 @@ package service
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"io"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/textproto"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
 )
 
 func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceParseOpenAIImagesRequest_JSON(t *testing.T) {
@@ -70,6 +74,58 @@ func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceParseOpenAIImagesRequest_MultipartEdit(t *testing.T
 	require.Equal(t, OpenAIImagesCapabilityNative, parsed.RequiredCapability)
 }
 
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceParseOpenAIImagesRequest_MultipartEditWithMaskAndNativeOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	var body bytes.Buffer
+	writer := multipart.NewWriter(&body)
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("model", "gpt-image-2"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("prompt", "replace foreground"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("output_format", "png"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("input_fidelity", "high"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("output_compression", "80"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("partial_images", "2"))
+
+	imageHeader := make(textproto.MIMEHeader)
+	imageHeader.Set("Content-Disposition", `form-data; name="image"; filename="source.png"`)
+	imageHeader.Set("Content-Type", "image/png")
+	imagePart, err := writer.CreatePart(imageHeader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = imagePart.Write([]byte("source-image-bytes"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	maskHeader := make(textproto.MIMEHeader)
+	maskHeader.Set("Content-Disposition", `form-data; name="mask"; filename="mask.png"`)
+	maskHeader.Set("Content-Type", "image/png")
+	maskPart, err := writer.CreatePart(maskHeader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = maskPart.Write([]byte("mask-image-bytes"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, writer.Close())
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v1/images/edits", bytes.NewReader(body.Bytes()))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", writer.FormDataContentType())
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = req
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{}
+	parsed, err := svc.ParseOpenAIImagesRequest(c, body.Bytes())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed)
+	require.Len(t, parsed.Uploads, 1)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed.MaskUpload)
+	require.True(t, parsed.HasMask)
+	require.Equal(t, "png", parsed.OutputFormat)
+	require.Equal(t, "high", parsed.InputFidelity)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed.OutputCompression)
+	require.Equal(t, 80, *parsed.OutputCompression)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed.PartialImages)
+	require.Equal(t, 2, *parsed.PartialImages)
+	require.Equal(t, OpenAIImagesCapabilityNative, parsed.RequiredCapability)
+}
+
 func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceParseOpenAIImagesRequest_PromptOnlyDefaultsRemainBasic(t *testing.T) {
 	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
 	body := []byte(`{"prompt":"draw a cat"}`)
@@ -121,6 +177,40 @@ func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceParseOpenAIImagesRequest_RejectsNonImageModel(t *te
 	require.ErrorContains(t, err, `images endpoint requires an image model, got "gpt-5.4"`)
 }
 
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceParseOpenAIImagesRequest_JSONEditURLs(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	body := []byte(`{
+		"model":"gpt-image-2",
+		"prompt":"replace the background",
+		"images":[{"image_url":"https://example.com/source.png"}],
+		"mask":{"image_url":"https://example.com/mask.png"},
+		"input_fidelity":"high",
+		"output_compression":90,
+		"partial_images":2,
+		"response_format":"url"
+	}`)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v1/images/edits", bytes.NewReader(body))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = req
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{}
+	parsed, err := svc.ParseOpenAIImagesRequest(c, body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed)
+	require.Equal(t, []string{"https://example.com/source.png"}, parsed.InputImageURLs)
+	require.Equal(t, "https://example.com/mask.png", parsed.MaskImageURL)
+	require.Equal(t, "high", parsed.InputFidelity)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed.OutputCompression)
+	require.Equal(t, 90, *parsed.OutputCompression)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed.PartialImages)
+	require.Equal(t, 2, *parsed.PartialImages)
+	require.True(t, parsed.HasMask)
+	require.Equal(t, OpenAIImagesCapabilityNative, parsed.RequiredCapability)
+}
+
 func TestCollectOpenAIImagePointers_RecognizesDirectAssets(t *testing.T) {
 	items := collectOpenAIImagePointers([]byte(`{
 		"revised_prompt": "cat astronaut",
@@ -157,3 +247,365 @@ func TestResolveOpenAIImageBytes_PrefersInlineBase64(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, []byte("ABC"), data)
 }
+
+func TestAccountSupportsOpenAIImageCapability_OAuthSupportsNative(t *testing.T) {
+	account := &Account{
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+	}
+
+	require.True(t, account.SupportsOpenAIImageCapability(OpenAIImagesCapabilityBasic))
+	require.True(t, account.SupportsOpenAIImageCapability(OpenAIImagesCapabilityNative))
+}
+
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceForwardImages_OAuthUsesResponsesAPI(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"gpt-image-2","prompt":"draw a cat","size":"1024x1024","quality":"high"}`)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v1/images/generations", bytes.NewReader(body))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = req
+	c.Set("api_key", &APIKey{ID: 42})
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{}
+	parsed, err := svc.ParseOpenAIImagesRequest(c, body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	upstream := &httpUpstreamRecorder{
+		resp: &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Header: http.Header{
+				"Content-Type": []string{"text/event-stream"},
+				"X-Request-Id": []string{"req_img_123"},
+			},
+			Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(
+				"data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000000,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":11,\"output_tokens\":22,\"input_tokens_details\":{\"cached_tokens\":3},\"output_tokens_details\":{\"image_tokens\":7}},\"tool_usage\":{\"image_gen\":{\"images\":1}},\"output\":[{\"type\":\"image_generation_call\",\"result\":\"aGVsbG8=\",\"revised_prompt\":\"draw a cat\",\"output_format\":\"png\",\"quality\":\"high\",\"size\":\"1024x1024\"}]}}\n\n" +
+					"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+			)),
+		},
+	}
+	svc.httpUpstream = upstream
+
+	account := &Account{
+		ID:       1,
+		Name:     "openai-oauth",
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Credentials: map[string]any{
+			"access_token":       "token-123",
+			"chatgpt_account_id": "acct-123",
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := svc.ForwardImages(context.Background(), c, account, body, parsed, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.Equal(t, "gpt-image-2", result.Model)
+	require.Equal(t, "gpt-image-2", result.UpstreamModel)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, result.ImageCount)
+	require.Equal(t, 11, result.Usage.InputTokens)
+	require.Equal(t, 22, result.Usage.OutputTokens)
+	require.Equal(t, 7, result.Usage.ImageOutputTokens)
+
+	require.NotNil(t, upstream.lastReq)
+	require.Equal(t, chatgptCodexURL, upstream.lastReq.URL.String())
+	require.Equal(t, "chatgpt.com", upstream.lastReq.Host)
+	require.Equal(t, "application/json", upstream.lastReq.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
+	require.Equal(t, "text/event-stream", upstream.lastReq.Header.Get("Accept"))
+	require.Equal(t, "acct-123", upstream.lastReq.Header.Get("chatgpt-account-id"))
+	require.Equal(t, "responses=experimental", upstream.lastReq.Header.Get("OpenAI-Beta"))
+
+	require.Equal(t, openAIImagesResponsesMainModel, gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "model").String())
+	require.True(t, gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "stream").Bool())
+	require.Equal(t, "image_generation", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.type").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "generate", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.action").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "gpt-image-2", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.model").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "1024x1024", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.size").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "high", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.quality").String())
+	require.False(t, gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.n").Exists())
+	require.Equal(t, "draw a cat", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "input.0.content.0.text").String())
+
+	require.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, rec.Code)
+	require.Equal(t, "aGVsbG8=", gjson.Get(rec.Body.String(), "data.0.b64_json").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "draw a cat", gjson.Get(rec.Body.String(), "data.0.revised_prompt").String())
+}
+
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceForwardImages_OAuthStreamingTransformsEvents(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"gpt-image-2","prompt":"draw a cat","stream":true,"response_format":"url"}`)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v1/images/generations", bytes.NewReader(body))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = req
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{}
+	parsed, err := svc.ParseOpenAIImagesRequest(c, body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	upstream := &httpUpstreamRecorder{
+		resp: &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Header: http.Header{
+				"Content-Type": []string{"text/event-stream"},
+				"X-Request-Id": []string{"req_img_stream"},
+			},
+			Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(
+				"data: {\"type\":\"response.image_generation_call.partial_image\",\"partial_image_b64\":\"cGFydGlhbA==\",\"partial_image_index\":0,\"output_format\":\"png\"}\n\n" +
+					"data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000001,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":5,\"output_tokens\":9,\"output_tokens_details\":{\"image_tokens\":4}},\"tool_usage\":{\"image_gen\":{\"images\":1}},\"output\":[{\"type\":\"image_generation_call\",\"result\":\"ZmluYWw=\",\"output_format\":\"png\"}]}}\n\n" +
+					"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+			)),
+		},
+	}
+	svc.httpUpstream = upstream
+
+	account := &Account{
+		ID:       2,
+		Name:     "openai-oauth",
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Credentials: map[string]any{
+			"access_token": "token-123",
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := svc.ForwardImages(context.Background(), c, account, body, parsed, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.True(t, result.Stream)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, result.ImageCount)
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "event: image_generation.partial_image")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "event: image_generation.completed")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"type\":\"image_generation.partial_image\"")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"type\":\"image_generation.completed\"")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"url\":\"data:image/png;base64,cGFydGlhbA==\"")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"url\":\"data:image/png;base64,ZmluYWw=\"")
+}
+
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceForwardImages_OAuthEditsMultipartUsesResponsesAPI(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	var body bytes.Buffer
+	writer := multipart.NewWriter(&body)
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("model", "gpt-image-2"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("prompt", "replace background with aurora"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("input_fidelity", "high"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("output_format", "webp"))
+	require.NoError(t, writer.WriteField("quality", "high"))
+
+	imageHeader := make(textproto.MIMEHeader)
+	imageHeader.Set("Content-Disposition", `form-data; name="image"; filename="source.png"`)
+	imageHeader.Set("Content-Type", "image/png")
+	imagePart, err := writer.CreatePart(imageHeader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = imagePart.Write([]byte("png-image-content"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	maskHeader := make(textproto.MIMEHeader)
+	maskHeader.Set("Content-Disposition", `form-data; name="mask"; filename="mask.png"`)
+	maskHeader.Set("Content-Type", "image/png")
+	maskPart, err := writer.CreatePart(maskHeader)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	_, err = maskPart.Write([]byte("png-mask-content"))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, writer.Close())
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v1/images/edits", bytes.NewReader(body.Bytes()))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", writer.FormDataContentType())
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = req
+	c.Set("api_key", &APIKey{ID: 100})
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{}
+	parsed, err := svc.ParseOpenAIImagesRequest(c, body.Bytes())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	upstream := &httpUpstreamRecorder{
+		resp: &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Header: http.Header{
+				"Content-Type": []string{"text/event-stream"},
+				"X-Request-Id": []string{"req_img_edit_123"},
+			},
+			Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(
+				"data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000002,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":13,\"output_tokens\":21,\"output_tokens_details\":{\"image_tokens\":8}},\"tool_usage\":{\"image_gen\":{\"images\":1}},\"output\":[{\"type\":\"image_generation_call\",\"result\":\"ZWRpdGVk\",\"revised_prompt\":\"replace background with aurora\",\"output_format\":\"webp\",\"quality\":\"high\"}]}}\n\n" +
+					"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+			)),
+		},
+	}
+	svc.httpUpstream = upstream
+
+	account := &Account{
+		ID:       3,
+		Name:     "openai-oauth",
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Credentials: map[string]any{
+			"access_token": "token-123",
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := svc.ForwardImages(context.Background(), c, account, body.Bytes(), parsed, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, result.ImageCount)
+	require.Equal(t, "gpt-image-2", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.model").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "edit", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.action").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "high", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.input_fidelity").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "webp", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.output_format").String())
+	require.True(t, strings.HasPrefix(gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "input.0.content.1.image_url").String(), "data:image/png;base64,"))
+	require.True(t, strings.HasPrefix(gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.input_image_mask.image_url").String(), "data:image/png;base64,"))
+	require.Equal(t, "replace background with aurora", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "input.0.content.0.text").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "ZWRpdGVk", gjson.Get(rec.Body.String(), "data.0.b64_json").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "replace background with aurora", gjson.Get(rec.Body.String(), "data.0.revised_prompt").String())
+}
+
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceForwardImages_OAuthEditsStreamingTransformsEvents(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	body := []byte(`{
+		"model":"gpt-image-2",
+		"prompt":"replace background with aurora",
+		"images":[{"image_url":"https://example.com/source.png"}],
+		"mask":{"image_url":"https://example.com/mask.png"},
+		"stream":true,
+		"response_format":"url"
+	}`)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v1/images/edits", bytes.NewReader(body))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = req
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{}
+	parsed, err := svc.ParseOpenAIImagesRequest(c, body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	upstream := &httpUpstreamRecorder{
+		resp: &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Header: http.Header{
+				"Content-Type": []string{"text/event-stream"},
+			},
+			Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(
+				"data: {\"type\":\"response.image_generation_call.partial_image\",\"partial_image_b64\":\"cGFydGlhbA==\",\"partial_image_index\":0,\"output_format\":\"webp\"}\n\n" +
+					"data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000003,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":7,\"output_tokens\":10,\"output_tokens_details\":{\"image_tokens\":5}},\"tool_usage\":{\"image_gen\":{\"images\":1}},\"output\":[{\"type\":\"image_generation_call\",\"result\":\"ZWRpdGVk\",\"revised_prompt\":\"replace background with aurora\",\"output_format\":\"webp\"}]}}\n\n" +
+					"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+			)),
+		},
+	}
+	svc.httpUpstream = upstream
+
+	account := &Account{
+		ID:       4,
+		Name:     "openai-oauth",
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Credentials: map[string]any{
+			"access_token": "token-123",
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := svc.ForwardImages(context.Background(), c, account, body, parsed, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, result.ImageCount)
+	require.Equal(t, "edit", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.action").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "https://example.com/source.png", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "input.0.content.1.image_url").String())
+	require.Equal(t, "https://example.com/mask.png", gjson.GetBytes(upstream.lastBody, "tools.0.input_image_mask.image_url").String())
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "event: image_edit.partial_image")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "event: image_edit.completed")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"type\":\"image_edit.partial_image\"")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"type\":\"image_edit.completed\"")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"url\":\"data:image/webp;base64,cGFydGlhbA==\"")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"url\":\"data:image/webp;base64,ZWRpdGVk\"")
+}
+
+func TestBuildOpenAIImagesResponsesRequest_RejectsMultipleImages(t *testing.T) {
+	parsed := &OpenAIImagesRequest{
+		Endpoint: openAIImagesGenerationsEndpoint,
+		Model:    "gpt-image-2",
+		Prompt:   "draw a cat",
+		N:        2,
+	}
+
+	body, err := buildOpenAIImagesResponsesRequest(parsed, "gpt-image-2")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Nil(t, body)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "only n=1")
+}
+
+func TestCollectOpenAIImagesFromResponsesBody_FallsBackToOutputItemDone(t *testing.T) {
+	body := []byte(
+		"data: {\"type\":\"response.created\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000004}}\n\n" +
+			"data: {\"type\":\"response.output_item.done\",\"item\":{\"id\":\"ig_123\",\"type\":\"image_generation_call\",\"result\":\"aGVsbG8=\",\"revised_prompt\":\"draw a cat\",\"output_format\":\"png\",\"quality\":\"high\"}}\n\n" +
+			"data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000004,\"tool_usage\":{\"image_gen\":{\"images\":1}},\"output\":[]}}\n\n" +
+			"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+	)
+
+	results, createdAt, usageRaw, firstMeta, foundFinal, err := collectOpenAIImagesFromResponsesBody(body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.True(t, foundFinal)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(1710000004), createdAt)
+	require.Len(t, results, 1)
+	require.Equal(t, "aGVsbG8=", results[0].Result)
+	require.Equal(t, "draw a cat", results[0].RevisedPrompt)
+	require.Equal(t, "png", firstMeta.OutputFormat)
+	require.JSONEq(t, `{"images":1}`, string(usageRaw))
+}
+
+func TestOpenAIGatewayServiceForwardImages_OAuthStreamingHandlesOutputItemDoneFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"gpt-image-2","prompt":"draw a cat","stream":true,"response_format":"url"}`)
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v1/images/generations", bytes.NewReader(body))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	c.Request = req
+
+	svc := &OpenAIGatewayService{}
+	parsed, err := svc.ParseOpenAIImagesRequest(c, body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	upstream := &httpUpstreamRecorder{
+		resp: &http.Response{
+			StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+			Header: http.Header{
+				"Content-Type": []string{"text/event-stream"},
+				"X-Request-Id": []string{"req_img_stream_output_item_done"},
+			},
+			Body: io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(
+				"data: {\"type\":\"response.output_item.done\",\"item\":{\"id\":\"ig_123\",\"type\":\"image_generation_call\",\"result\":\"ZmluYWw=\",\"revised_prompt\":\"draw a cat\",\"output_format\":\"png\"}}\n\n" +
+					"data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"created_at\":1710000005,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":5,\"output_tokens\":9,\"output_tokens_details\":{\"image_tokens\":4}},\"tool_usage\":{\"image_gen\":{\"images\":1}},\"output\":[]}}\n\n" +
+					"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+			)),
+		},
+	}
+	svc.httpUpstream = upstream
+
+	account := &Account{
+		ID:       5,
+		Name:     "openai-oauth",
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Credentials: map[string]any{
+			"access_token": "token-123",
+		},
+	}
+
+	result, err := svc.ForwardImages(context.Background(), c, account, body, parsed, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, result)
+	require.True(t, result.Stream)
+	require.Equal(t, 1, result.ImageCount)
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "event: image_generation.completed")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"type\":\"image_generation.completed\"")
+	require.Contains(t, rec.Body.String(), "\"url\":\"data:image/png;base64,ZmluYWw=\"")
+	require.NotContains(t, rec.Body.String(), "event: error")
+}