feat(sync): full code sync from release

2026-02-28 15:01:20 +08:00
parent bfc7b339f7
commit bb664d9bbf
338 changed files with 54513 additions and 2011 deletions
--- a/backend/internal/repository/account_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/account_repo.go
@@ -50,11 +50,6 @@ type accountRepository struct {
 	schedulerCache service.SchedulerCache
 }

-type tempUnschedSnapshot struct {
-	until  *time.Time
-	reason string
-}
-
 // NewAccountRepository 创建账户仓储实例。
 // 这是对外暴露的构造函数，返回接口类型以便于依赖注入。
 func NewAccountRepository(client *dbent.Client, sqlDB *sql.DB, schedulerCache service.SchedulerCache) service.AccountRepository {
@@ -189,11 +184,6 @@ func (r *accountRepository) GetByIDs(ctx context.Context, ids []int64) ([]*servi
 		accountIDs = append(accountIDs, acc.ID)
 	}

-	tempUnschedMap, err := r.loadTempUnschedStates(ctx, accountIDs)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	groupsByAccount, groupIDsByAccount, accountGroupsByAccount, err := r.loadAccountGroups(ctx, accountIDs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -220,10 +210,6 @@ func (r *accountRepository) GetByIDs(ctx context.Context, ids []int64) ([]*servi
 		if ags, ok := accountGroupsByAccount[entAcc.ID]; ok {
 			out.AccountGroups = ags
 		}
-		if snap, ok := tempUnschedMap[entAcc.ID]; ok {
-			out.TempUnschedulableUntil = snap.until
-			out.TempUnschedulableReason = snap.reason
-		}
 		outByID[entAcc.ID] = out
 	}

@@ -611,6 +597,43 @@ func (r *accountRepository) syncSchedulerAccountSnapshot(ctx context.Context, ac
 	}
 }

+func (r *accountRepository) syncSchedulerAccountSnapshots(ctx context.Context, accountIDs []int64) {
+	if r == nil || r.schedulerCache == nil || len(accountIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	uniqueIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(accountIDs))
+	seen := make(map[int64]struct{}, len(accountIDs))
+	for _, id := range accountIDs {
+		if id <= 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, exists := seen[id]; exists {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[id] = struct{}{}
+		uniqueIDs = append(uniqueIDs, id)
+	}
+	if len(uniqueIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	accounts, err := r.GetByIDs(ctx, uniqueIDs)
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.LegacyPrintf("repository.account", "[Scheduler] batch sync account snapshot read failed: count=%d err=%v", len(uniqueIDs), err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, account := range accounts {
+		if account == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := r.schedulerCache.SetAccount(ctx, account); err != nil {
+			logger.LegacyPrintf("repository.account", "[Scheduler] batch sync account snapshot write failed: id=%d err=%v", account.ID, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func (r *accountRepository) ClearError(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
 	_, err := r.client.Account.Update().
 		Where(dbaccount.IDEQ(id)).
@@ -1197,9 +1220,7 @@ func (r *accountRepository) BulkUpdate(ctx context.Context, ids []int64, updates
 			shouldSync = true
 		}
 		if shouldSync {
-			for _, id := range ids {
-				r.syncSchedulerAccountSnapshot(ctx, id)
-			}
+			r.syncSchedulerAccountSnapshots(ctx, ids)
 		}
 	}
 	return rows, nil
@@ -1291,10 +1312,6 @@ func (r *accountRepository) accountsToService(ctx context.Context, accounts []*d
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	tempUnschedMap, err := r.loadTempUnschedStates(ctx, accountIDs)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
 	groupsByAccount, groupIDsByAccount, accountGroupsByAccount, err := r.loadAccountGroups(ctx, accountIDs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -1320,10 +1337,6 @@ func (r *accountRepository) accountsToService(ctx context.Context, accounts []*d
 		if ags, ok := accountGroupsByAccount[acc.ID]; ok {
 			out.AccountGroups = ags
 		}
-		if snap, ok := tempUnschedMap[acc.ID]; ok {
-			out.TempUnschedulableUntil = snap.until
-			out.TempUnschedulableReason = snap.reason
-		}
 		outAccounts = append(outAccounts, *out)
 	}

@@ -1348,48 +1361,6 @@ func notExpiredPredicate(now time.Time) dbpredicate.Account {
 	)
 }

-func (r *accountRepository) loadTempUnschedStates(ctx context.Context, accountIDs []int64) (map[int64]tempUnschedSnapshot, error) {
-	out := make(map[int64]tempUnschedSnapshot)
-	if len(accountIDs) == 0 {
-		return out, nil
-	}
-
-	rows, err := r.sql.QueryContext(ctx, `
-		SELECT id, temp_unschedulable_until, temp_unschedulable_reason
-		FROM accounts
-		WHERE id = ANY($1)
-	`, pq.Array(accountIDs))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer func() { _ = rows.Close() }()
-
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var id int64
-		var until sql.NullTime
-		var reason sql.NullString
-		if err := rows.Scan(&id, &until, &reason); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		var untilPtr *time.Time
-		if until.Valid {
-			tmp := until.Time
-			untilPtr = &tmp
-		}
-		if reason.Valid {
-			out[id] = tempUnschedSnapshot{until: untilPtr, reason: reason.String}
-		} else {
-			out[id] = tempUnschedSnapshot{until: untilPtr, reason: ""}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return out, nil
-}
-
 func (r *accountRepository) loadProxies(ctx context.Context, proxyIDs []int64) (map[int64]*service.Proxy, error) {
 	proxyMap := make(map[int64]*service.Proxy)
 	if len(proxyIDs) == 0 {
@@ -1500,31 +1471,33 @@ func accountEntityToService(m *dbent.Account) *service.Account {
 	rateMultiplier := m.RateMultiplier

 	return &service.Account{
-		ID:                  m.ID,
-		Name:                m.Name,
-		Notes:               m.Notes,
-		Platform:            m.Platform,
-		Type:                m.Type,
-		Credentials:         copyJSONMap(m.Credentials),
-		Extra:               copyJSONMap(m.Extra),
-		ProxyID:             m.ProxyID,
-		Concurrency:         m.Concurrency,
-		Priority:            m.Priority,
-		RateMultiplier:      &rateMultiplier,
-		Status:              m.Status,
-		ErrorMessage:        derefString(m.ErrorMessage),
-		LastUsedAt:          m.LastUsedAt,
-		ExpiresAt:           m.ExpiresAt,
-		AutoPauseOnExpired:  m.AutoPauseOnExpired,
-		CreatedAt:           m.CreatedAt,
-		UpdatedAt:           m.UpdatedAt,
-		Schedulable:         m.Schedulable,
-		RateLimitedAt:       m.RateLimitedAt,
-		RateLimitResetAt:    m.RateLimitResetAt,
-		OverloadUntil:       m.OverloadUntil,
-		SessionWindowStart:  m.SessionWindowStart,
-		SessionWindowEnd:    m.SessionWindowEnd,
-		SessionWindowStatus: derefString(m.SessionWindowStatus),
+		ID:                      m.ID,
+		Name:                    m.Name,
+		Notes:                   m.Notes,
+		Platform:                m.Platform,
+		Type:                    m.Type,
+		Credentials:             copyJSONMap(m.Credentials),
+		Extra:                   copyJSONMap(m.Extra),
+		ProxyID:                 m.ProxyID,
+		Concurrency:             m.Concurrency,
+		Priority:                m.Priority,
+		RateMultiplier:          &rateMultiplier,
+		Status:                  m.Status,
+		ErrorMessage:            derefString(m.ErrorMessage),
+		LastUsedAt:              m.LastUsedAt,
+		ExpiresAt:               m.ExpiresAt,
+		AutoPauseOnExpired:      m.AutoPauseOnExpired,
+		CreatedAt:               m.CreatedAt,
+		UpdatedAt:               m.UpdatedAt,
+		Schedulable:             m.Schedulable,
+		RateLimitedAt:           m.RateLimitedAt,
+		RateLimitResetAt:        m.RateLimitResetAt,
+		OverloadUntil:           m.OverloadUntil,
+		TempUnschedulableUntil:  m.TempUnschedulableUntil,
+		TempUnschedulableReason: derefString(m.TempUnschedulableReason),
+		SessionWindowStart:      m.SessionWindowStart,
+		SessionWindowEnd:        m.SessionWindowEnd,
+		SessionWindowStatus:     derefString(m.SessionWindowStatus),
 	}
 }

--- a/backend/internal/repository/account_repo_integration_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/account_repo_integration_test.go
@@ -500,6 +500,38 @@ func (s *AccountRepoSuite) TestClearRateLimit() {
 	s.Require().Nil(got.OverloadUntil)
 }

+func (s *AccountRepoSuite) TestTempUnschedulableFieldsLoadedByGetByIDAndGetByIDs() {
+	acc1 := mustCreateAccount(s.T(), s.client, &service.Account{Name: "acc-temp-1"})
+	acc2 := mustCreateAccount(s.T(), s.client, &service.Account{Name: "acc-temp-2"})
+
+	until := time.Now().Add(15 * time.Minute).UTC().Truncate(time.Second)
+	reason := `{"rule":"429","matched_keyword":"too many requests"}`
+	s.Require().NoError(s.repo.SetTempUnschedulable(s.ctx, acc1.ID, until, reason))
+
+	gotByID, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, acc1.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().NotNil(gotByID.TempUnschedulableUntil)
+	s.Require().WithinDuration(until, *gotByID.TempUnschedulableUntil, time.Second)
+	s.Require().Equal(reason, gotByID.TempUnschedulableReason)
+
+	gotByIDs, err := s.repo.GetByIDs(s.ctx, []int64{acc2.ID, acc1.ID})
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().Len(gotByIDs, 2)
+	s.Require().Equal(acc2.ID, gotByIDs[0].ID)
+	s.Require().Nil(gotByIDs[0].TempUnschedulableUntil)
+	s.Require().Equal("", gotByIDs[0].TempUnschedulableReason)
+	s.Require().Equal(acc1.ID, gotByIDs[1].ID)
+	s.Require().NotNil(gotByIDs[1].TempUnschedulableUntil)
+	s.Require().WithinDuration(until, *gotByIDs[1].TempUnschedulableUntil, time.Second)
+	s.Require().Equal(reason, gotByIDs[1].TempUnschedulableReason)
+
+	s.Require().NoError(s.repo.ClearTempUnschedulable(s.ctx, acc1.ID))
+	cleared, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, acc1.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().Nil(cleared.TempUnschedulableUntil)
+	s.Require().Equal("", cleared.TempUnschedulableReason)
+}
+
 // --- UpdateLastUsed ---

 func (s *AccountRepoSuite) TestUpdateLastUsed() {
--- a/backend/internal/repository/api_key_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/api_key_repo.go
@@ -445,20 +445,22 @@ func userEntityToService(u *dbent.User) *service.User {
 		return nil
 	}
 	return &service.User{
-		ID:                  u.ID,
-		Email:               u.Email,
-		Username:            u.Username,
-		Notes:               u.Notes,
-		PasswordHash:        u.PasswordHash,
-		Role:                u.Role,
-		Balance:             u.Balance,
-		Concurrency:         u.Concurrency,
-		Status:              u.Status,
-		TotpSecretEncrypted: u.TotpSecretEncrypted,
-		TotpEnabled:         u.TotpEnabled,
-		TotpEnabledAt:       u.TotpEnabledAt,
-		CreatedAt:           u.CreatedAt,
-		UpdatedAt:           u.UpdatedAt,
+		ID:                    u.ID,
+		Email:                 u.Email,
+		Username:              u.Username,
+		Notes:                 u.Notes,
+		PasswordHash:          u.PasswordHash,
+		Role:                  u.Role,
+		Balance:               u.Balance,
+		Concurrency:           u.Concurrency,
+		Status:                u.Status,
+		SoraStorageQuotaBytes: u.SoraStorageQuotaBytes,
+		SoraStorageUsedBytes:  u.SoraStorageUsedBytes,
+		TotpSecretEncrypted:   u.TotpSecretEncrypted,
+		TotpEnabled:           u.TotpEnabled,
+		TotpEnabledAt:         u.TotpEnabledAt,
+		CreatedAt:             u.CreatedAt,
+		UpdatedAt:             u.UpdatedAt,
 	}
 }

@@ -486,6 +488,7 @@ func groupEntityToService(g *dbent.Group) *service.Group {
 		SoraImagePrice540:               g.SoraImagePrice540,
 		SoraVideoPricePerRequest:        g.SoraVideoPricePerRequest,
 		SoraVideoPricePerRequestHD:      g.SoraVideoPricePerRequestHd,
+		SoraStorageQuotaBytes:           g.SoraStorageQuotaBytes,
 		DefaultValidityDays:             g.DefaultValidityDays,
 		ClaudeCodeOnly:                  g.ClaudeCodeOnly,
 		FallbackGroupID:                 g.FallbackGroupID,
--- a/backend/internal/repository/concurrency_cache.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/concurrency_cache.go
@@ -227,6 +227,43 @@ func (c *concurrencyCache) GetAccountConcurrency(ctx context.Context, accountID
 	return result, nil
 }

+func (c *concurrencyCache) GetAccountConcurrencyBatch(ctx context.Context, accountIDs []int64) (map[int64]int, error) {
+	if len(accountIDs) == 0 {
+		return map[int64]int{}, nil
+	}
+
+	now, err := c.rdb.Time(ctx).Result()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("redis TIME: %w", err)
+	}
+	cutoffTime := now.Unix() - int64(c.slotTTLSeconds)
+
+	pipe := c.rdb.Pipeline()
+	type accountCmd struct {
+		accountID int64
+		zcardCmd  *redis.IntCmd
+	}
+	cmds := make([]accountCmd, 0, len(accountIDs))
+	for _, accountID := range accountIDs {
+		slotKey := accountSlotKeyPrefix + strconv.FormatInt(accountID, 10)
+		pipe.ZRemRangeByScore(ctx, slotKey, "-inf", strconv.FormatInt(cutoffTime, 10))
+		cmds = append(cmds, accountCmd{
+			accountID: accountID,
+			zcardCmd:  pipe.ZCard(ctx, slotKey),
+		})
+	}
+
+	if _, err := pipe.Exec(ctx); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, redis.Nil) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("pipeline exec: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	result := make(map[int64]int, len(accountIDs))
+	for _, cmd := range cmds {
+		result[cmd.accountID] = int(cmd.zcardCmd.Val())
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
 // User slot operations

 func (c *concurrencyCache) AcquireUserSlot(ctx context.Context, userID int64, maxConcurrency int, requestID string) (bool, error) {
--- a/backend/internal/repository/gateway_cache_integration_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/gateway_cache_integration_test.go
@@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ func (s *GatewayCacheSuite) TestGetSessionAccountID_CorruptedValue() {
 	require.False(s.T(), errors.Is(err, redis.Nil), "expected parsing error, not redis.Nil")
 }

-
 func TestGatewayCacheSuite(t *testing.T) {
 	suite.Run(t, new(GatewayCacheSuite))
 }
--- a/backend/internal/repository/group_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/group_repo.go
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"

 	dbent "github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/ent"
 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/ent/apikey"
@@ -56,7 +58,8 @@ func (r *groupRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, groupIn *service.Group) er
 		SetNillableFallbackGroupID(groupIn.FallbackGroupID).
 		SetNillableFallbackGroupIDOnInvalidRequest(groupIn.FallbackGroupIDOnInvalidRequest).
 		SetModelRoutingEnabled(groupIn.ModelRoutingEnabled).
-		SetMcpXMLInject(groupIn.MCPXMLInject)
+		SetMcpXMLInject(groupIn.MCPXMLInject).
+		SetSoraStorageQuotaBytes(groupIn.SoraStorageQuotaBytes)

 	// 设置模型路由配置
 	if groupIn.ModelRouting != nil {
@@ -121,7 +124,8 @@ func (r *groupRepository) Update(ctx context.Context, groupIn *service.Group) er
 		SetDefaultValidityDays(groupIn.DefaultValidityDays).
 		SetClaudeCodeOnly(groupIn.ClaudeCodeOnly).
 		SetModelRoutingEnabled(groupIn.ModelRoutingEnabled).
-		SetMcpXMLInject(groupIn.MCPXMLInject)
+		SetMcpXMLInject(groupIn.MCPXMLInject).
+		SetSoraStorageQuotaBytes(groupIn.SoraStorageQuotaBytes)

 	// 处理 FallbackGroupID：nil 时清除，否则设置
 	if groupIn.FallbackGroupID != nil {
@@ -281,6 +285,54 @@ func (r *groupRepository) ExistsByName(ctx context.Context, name string) (bool,
 	return r.client.Group.Query().Where(group.NameEQ(name)).Exist(ctx)
 }

+// ExistsByIDs 批量检查分组是否存在（仅检查未软删除记录）。
+// 返回结构：map[groupID]exists。
+func (r *groupRepository) ExistsByIDs(ctx context.Context, ids []int64) (map[int64]bool, error) {
+	result := make(map[int64]bool, len(ids))
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+
+	uniqueIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(ids))
+	seen := make(map[int64]struct{}, len(ids))
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		if id <= 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, ok := seen[id]; ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[id] = struct{}{}
+		uniqueIDs = append(uniqueIDs, id)
+		result[id] = false
+	}
+	if len(uniqueIDs) == 0 {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+
+	rows, err := r.sql.QueryContext(ctx, `
+		SELECT id
+		FROM groups
+		WHERE id = ANY($1) AND deleted_at IS NULL
+	`, pq.Array(uniqueIDs))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = rows.Close() }()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id int64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&id); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result[id] = true
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
 func (r *groupRepository) GetAccountCount(ctx context.Context, groupID int64) (int64, error) {
 	var count int64
 	if err := scanSingleRow(ctx, r.sql, "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM account_groups WHERE group_id = $1", []any{groupID}, &count); err != nil {
@@ -512,22 +564,72 @@ func (r *groupRepository) UpdateSortOrders(ctx context.Context, updates []servic
 		return nil
 	}

-	// 使用事务批量更新
-	tx, err := r.client.Tx(ctx)
+	// 去重后保留最后一次排序值，避免重复 ID 造成 CASE 分支冲突。
+	sortOrderByID := make(map[int64]int, len(updates))
+	groupIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(updates))
+	for _, u := range updates {
+		if u.ID <= 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, exists := sortOrderByID[u.ID]; !exists {
+			groupIDs = append(groupIDs, u.ID)
+		}
+		sortOrderByID[u.ID] = u.SortOrder
+	}
+	if len(groupIDs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// 与旧实现保持一致：任何不存在/已删除的分组都返回 not found，且不执行更新。
+	var existingCount int
+	if err := scanSingleRow(
+		ctx,
+		r.sql,
+		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM groups WHERE deleted_at IS NULL AND id = ANY($1)`,
+		[]any{pq.Array(groupIDs)},
+		&existingCount,
+	); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if existingCount != len(groupIDs) {
+		return service.ErrGroupNotFound
+	}
+
+	args := make([]any, 0, len(groupIDs)*2+1)
+	caseClauses := make([]string, 0, len(groupIDs))
+	placeholder := 1
+	for _, id := range groupIDs {
+		caseClauses = append(caseClauses, fmt.Sprintf("WHEN $%d THEN $%d", placeholder, placeholder+1))
+		args = append(args, id, sortOrderByID[id])
+		placeholder += 2
+	}
+	args = append(args, pq.Array(groupIDs))
+
+	query := fmt.Sprintf(`
+		UPDATE groups
+		SET sort_order = CASE id
+			%s
+			ELSE sort_order
+		END
+		WHERE deleted_at IS NULL AND id = ANY($%d)
+	`, strings.Join(caseClauses, "\n\t\t\t"), placeholder)
+
+	result, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, query, args...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer func() { _ = tx.Rollback() }()
-
-	for _, u := range updates {
-		if _, err := tx.Group.UpdateOneID(u.ID).SetSortOrder(u.SortOrder).Save(ctx); err != nil {
-			return translatePersistenceError(err, service.ErrGroupNotFound, nil)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+	affected, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	if affected != int64(len(groupIDs)) {
+		return service.ErrGroupNotFound
+	}

+	for _, id := range groupIDs {
+		if err := enqueueSchedulerOutbox(ctx, r.sql, service.SchedulerOutboxEventGroupChanged, nil, &id, nil); err != nil {
+			logger.LegacyPrintf("repository.group", "[SchedulerOutbox] enqueue group sort update failed: group=%d err=%v", id, err)
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
--- a/backend/internal/repository/group_repo_integration_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/group_repo_integration_test.go
@@ -352,6 +352,81 @@ func (s *GroupRepoSuite) TestListWithFilters_Search() {
 	})
 }

+func (s *GroupRepoSuite) TestUpdateSortOrders_BatchCaseWhen() {
+	g1 := &service.Group{
+		Name:             "sort-g1",
+		Platform:         service.PlatformAnthropic,
+		RateMultiplier:   1.0,
+		IsExclusive:      false,
+		Status:           service.StatusActive,
+		SubscriptionType: service.SubscriptionTypeStandard,
+	}
+	g2 := &service.Group{
+		Name:             "sort-g2",
+		Platform:         service.PlatformAnthropic,
+		RateMultiplier:   1.0,
+		IsExclusive:      false,
+		Status:           service.StatusActive,
+		SubscriptionType: service.SubscriptionTypeStandard,
+	}
+	g3 := &service.Group{
+		Name:             "sort-g3",
+		Platform:         service.PlatformAnthropic,
+		RateMultiplier:   1.0,
+		IsExclusive:      false,
+		Status:           service.StatusActive,
+		SubscriptionType: service.SubscriptionTypeStandard,
+	}
+	s.Require().NoError(s.repo.Create(s.ctx, g1))
+	s.Require().NoError(s.repo.Create(s.ctx, g2))
+	s.Require().NoError(s.repo.Create(s.ctx, g3))
+
+	err := s.repo.UpdateSortOrders(s.ctx, []service.GroupSortOrderUpdate{
+		{ID: g1.ID, SortOrder: 30},
+		{ID: g2.ID, SortOrder: 10},
+		{ID: g3.ID, SortOrder: 20},
+		{ID: g2.ID, SortOrder: 15}, // 重复 ID 应以最后一次为准
+	})
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+
+	got1, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, g1.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	got2, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, g2.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	got3, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, g3.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().Equal(30, got1.SortOrder)
+	s.Require().Equal(15, got2.SortOrder)
+	s.Require().Equal(20, got3.SortOrder)
+}
+
+func (s *GroupRepoSuite) TestUpdateSortOrders_MissingGroupNoPartialUpdate() {
+	g1 := &service.Group{
+		Name:             "sort-no-partial",
+		Platform:         service.PlatformAnthropic,
+		RateMultiplier:   1.0,
+		IsExclusive:      false,
+		Status:           service.StatusActive,
+		SubscriptionType: service.SubscriptionTypeStandard,
+	}
+	s.Require().NoError(s.repo.Create(s.ctx, g1))
+
+	before, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, g1.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	beforeSort := before.SortOrder
+
+	err = s.repo.UpdateSortOrders(s.ctx, []service.GroupSortOrderUpdate{
+		{ID: g1.ID, SortOrder: 99},
+		{ID: 99999999, SortOrder: 1},
+	})
+	s.Require().Error(err)
+	s.Require().ErrorIs(err, service.ErrGroupNotFound)
+
+	after, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, g1.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().Equal(beforeSort, after.SortOrder)
+}
+
 func (s *GroupRepoSuite) TestListWithFilters_AccountCount() {
 	g1 := &service.Group{
 		Name:             "g1",
--- a/backend/internal/repository/idempotency_repo_integration_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/idempotency_repo_integration_test.go
@@ -147,4 +147,3 @@ func TestIdempotencyRepo_StatusTransition_ToSucceeded(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, `{"ok":true}`, *got.ResponseBody)
 	require.Nil(t, got.LockedUntil)
 }
-
--- a/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner.go
@@ -50,6 +50,23 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS atlas_schema_revisions (
 // 任何稳定的 int64 值都可以，只要不与同一数据库中的其他锁冲突即可。
 const migrationsAdvisoryLockID int64 = 694208311321144027
 const migrationsLockRetryInterval = 500 * time.Millisecond
+const nonTransactionalMigrationSuffix = "_notx.sql"
+
+type migrationChecksumCompatibilityRule struct {
+	fileChecksum       string
+	acceptedDBChecksum map[string]struct{}
+}
+
+// migrationChecksumCompatibilityRules 仅用于兼容历史上误修改过的迁移文件 checksum。
+// 规则必须同时匹配「迁移名 + 当前文件 checksum + 历史库 checksum」才会放行，避免放宽全局校验。
+var migrationChecksumCompatibilityRules = map[string]migrationChecksumCompatibilityRule{
+	"054_drop_legacy_cache_columns.sql": {
+		fileChecksum: "82de761156e03876653e7a6a4eee883cd927847036f779b0b9f34c42a8af7a7d",
+		acceptedDBChecksum: map[string]struct{}{
+			"182c193f3359946cf094090cd9e57d5c3fd9abaffbc1e8fc378646b8a6fa12b4": {},
+		},
+	},
+}

 // ApplyMigrations 将嵌入的 SQL 迁移文件应用到指定的数据库。
 //
@@ -147,6 +164,10 @@ func applyMigrationsFS(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB, fsys fs.FS) error {
 		if rowErr == nil {
 			// 迁移已应用，验证校验和是否匹配
 			if existing != checksum {
+				// 兼容特定历史误改场景（仅白名单规则），其余仍保持严格不可变约束。
+				if isMigrationChecksumCompatible(name, existing, checksum) {
+					continue
+				}
 				// 校验和不匹配意味着迁移文件在应用后被修改，这是危险的。
 				// 正确的做法是创建新的迁移文件来进行变更。
 				return fmt.Errorf(
@@ -165,8 +186,34 @@ func applyMigrationsFS(ctx context.Context, db *sql.DB, fsys fs.FS) error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("check migration %s: %w", name, rowErr)
 		}

-		// 迁移未应用，在事务中执行。
-		// 使用事务确保迁移的原子性：要么完全成功，要么完全回滚。
+		nonTx, err := validateMigrationExecutionMode(name, content)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("validate migration %s: %w", name, err)
+		}
+
+		if nonTx {
+			// *_notx.sql：用于 CREATE/DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY 场景，必须非事务执行。
+			// 逐条语句执行，避免将多条 CONCURRENTLY 语句放入同一个隐式事务块。
+			statements := splitSQLStatements(content)
+			for i, stmt := range statements {
+				trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(stmt)
+				if trimmed == "" {
+					continue
+				}
+				if stripSQLLineComment(trimmed) == "" {
+					continue
+				}
+				if _, err := db.ExecContext(ctx, trimmed); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("apply migration %s (non-tx statement %d): %w", name, i+1, err)
+				}
+			}
+			if _, err := db.ExecContext(ctx, "INSERT INTO schema_migrations (filename, checksum) VALUES ($1, $2)", name, checksum); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("record migration %s (non-tx): %w", name, err)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// 默认迁移在事务中执行，确保原子性：要么完全成功，要么完全回滚。
 		tx, err := db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("begin migration %s: %w", name, err)
@@ -268,6 +315,84 @@ func latestMigrationBaseline(fsys fs.FS) (string, string, string, error) {
 	return version, version, hash, nil
 }

+func isMigrationChecksumCompatible(name, dbChecksum, fileChecksum string) bool {
+	rule, ok := migrationChecksumCompatibilityRules[name]
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	if rule.fileChecksum != fileChecksum {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, ok = rule.acceptedDBChecksum[dbChecksum]
+	return ok
+}
+
+func validateMigrationExecutionMode(name, content string) (bool, error) {
+	normalizedName := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(name))
+	upperContent := strings.ToUpper(content)
+	nonTx := strings.HasSuffix(normalizedName, nonTransactionalMigrationSuffix)
+
+	if !nonTx {
+		if strings.Contains(upperContent, "CONCURRENTLY") {
+			return false, errors.New("CONCURRENTLY statements must be placed in *_notx.sql migrations")
+		}
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	if strings.Contains(upperContent, "BEGIN") || strings.Contains(upperContent, "COMMIT") || strings.Contains(upperContent, "ROLLBACK") {
+		return false, errors.New("*_notx.sql must not contain transaction control statements (BEGIN/COMMIT/ROLLBACK)")
+	}
+
+	statements := splitSQLStatements(content)
+	for _, stmt := range statements {
+		normalizedStmt := strings.ToUpper(stripSQLLineComment(strings.TrimSpace(stmt)))
+		if normalizedStmt == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if strings.Contains(normalizedStmt, "CONCURRENTLY") {
+			isCreateIndex := strings.Contains(normalizedStmt, "CREATE") && strings.Contains(normalizedStmt, "INDEX")
+			isDropIndex := strings.Contains(normalizedStmt, "DROP") && strings.Contains(normalizedStmt, "INDEX")
+			if !isCreateIndex && !isDropIndex {
+				return false, errors.New("*_notx.sql currently only supports CREATE/DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY statements")
+			}
+			if isCreateIndex && !strings.Contains(normalizedStmt, "IF NOT EXISTS") {
+				return false, errors.New("CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY in *_notx.sql must include IF NOT EXISTS for idempotency")
+			}
+			if isDropIndex && !strings.Contains(normalizedStmt, "IF EXISTS") {
+				return false, errors.New("DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY in *_notx.sql must include IF EXISTS for idempotency")
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		return false, errors.New("*_notx.sql must not mix non-CONCURRENTLY SQL statements")
+	}
+
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+func splitSQLStatements(content string) []string {
+	parts := strings.Split(content, ";")
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(parts))
+	for _, part := range parts {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(part) == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, part)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func stripSQLLineComment(s string) string {
+	lines := strings.Split(s, "\n")
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		if idx := strings.Index(line, "--"); idx >= 0 {
+			lines[i] = line[:idx]
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSpace(strings.Join(lines, "\n"))
+}
+
 // pgAdvisoryLock 获取 PostgreSQL Advisory Lock。
 // Advisory Lock 是一种轻量级的锁机制，不与任何特定的数据库对象关联。
 // 它非常适合用于应用层面的分布式锁场景，如迁移序列化。
--- a/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner_checksum_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner_checksum_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestIsMigrationChecksumCompatible(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("054历史checksum可兼容", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ok := isMigrationChecksumCompatible(
+			"054_drop_legacy_cache_columns.sql",
+			"182c193f3359946cf094090cd9e57d5c3fd9abaffbc1e8fc378646b8a6fa12b4",
+			"82de761156e03876653e7a6a4eee883cd927847036f779b0b9f34c42a8af7a7d",
+		)
+		require.True(t, ok)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("054在未知文件checksum下不兼容", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ok := isMigrationChecksumCompatible(
+			"054_drop_legacy_cache_columns.sql",
+			"182c193f3359946cf094090cd9e57d5c3fd9abaffbc1e8fc378646b8a6fa12b4",
+			"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
+		)
+		require.False(t, ok)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("非白名单迁移不兼容", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ok := isMigrationChecksumCompatible(
+			"001_init.sql",
+			"182c193f3359946cf094090cd9e57d5c3fd9abaffbc1e8fc378646b8a6fa12b4",
+			"82de761156e03876653e7a6a4eee883cd927847036f779b0b9f34c42a8af7a7d",
+		)
+		require.False(t, ok)
+	})
+}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner_extra_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner_extra_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"io/fs"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"testing/fstest"
+	"time"
+
+	sqlmock "github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestApplyMigrations_NilDB(t *testing.T) {
+	err := ApplyMigrations(context.Background(), nil)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "nil sql db")
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrations_DelegatesToApplyMigrationsFS(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnError(errors.New("lock failed"))
+
+	err = ApplyMigrations(context.Background(), db)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "acquire migrations lock")
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestLatestMigrationBaseline(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty_fs_returns_baseline", func(t *testing.T) {
+		version, description, hash, err := latestMigrationBaseline(fstest.MapFS{})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, "baseline", version)
+		require.Equal(t, "baseline", description)
+		require.Equal(t, "", hash)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("uses_latest_sorted_sql_file", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+			"001_init.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte("CREATE TABLE t1(id int);")},
+			"010_final.sql": &fstest.MapFile{
+				Data: []byte("CREATE TABLE t2(id int);"),
+			},
+		}
+		version, description, hash, err := latestMigrationBaseline(fsys)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, "010_final", version)
+		require.Equal(t, "010_final", description)
+		require.Len(t, hash, 64)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("read_file_error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+			"010_bad.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Mode: fs.ModeDir},
+		}
+		_, _, _, err := latestMigrationBaseline(fsys)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestIsMigrationChecksumCompatible_AdditionalCases(t *testing.T) {
+	require.False(t, isMigrationChecksumCompatible("unknown.sql", "db", "file"))
+
+	var (
+		name string
+		rule migrationChecksumCompatibilityRule
+	)
+	for n, r := range migrationChecksumCompatibilityRules {
+		name = n
+		rule = r
+		break
+	}
+	require.NotEmpty(t, name)
+
+	require.False(t, isMigrationChecksumCompatible(name, "db-not-accepted", "file-not-match"))
+	require.False(t, isMigrationChecksumCompatible(name, "db-not-accepted", rule.fileChecksum))
+
+	var accepted string
+	for checksum := range rule.acceptedDBChecksum {
+		accepted = checksum
+		break
+	}
+	require.NotEmpty(t, accepted)
+	require.True(t, isMigrationChecksumCompatible(name, accepted, rule.fileChecksum))
+}
+
+func TestEnsureAtlasBaselineAligned(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("skip_when_no_legacy_table", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("schema_migrations").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(false))
+
+		err = ensureAtlasBaselineAligned(context.Background(), db, fstest.MapFS{})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("create_atlas_and_insert_baseline_when_empty", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("schema_migrations").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(false))
+		mock.ExpectExec("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 0))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT COUNT\\(\\*\\) FROM atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"count"}).AddRow(0))
+		mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WithArgs("002_next", "002_next", 1, sqlmock.AnyArg()).
+			WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
+
+		fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+			"001_init.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte("CREATE TABLE t1(id int);")},
+			"002_next.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte("CREATE TABLE t2(id int);")},
+		}
+		err = ensureAtlasBaselineAligned(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error_when_checking_legacy_table", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("schema_migrations").
+			WillReturnError(errors.New("exists failed"))
+
+		err = ensureAtlasBaselineAligned(context.Background(), db, fstest.MapFS{})
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "check schema_migrations")
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error_when_counting_atlas_rows", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("schema_migrations").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT COUNT\\(\\*\\) FROM atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnError(errors.New("count failed"))
+
+		err = ensureAtlasBaselineAligned(context.Background(), db, fstest.MapFS{})
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "count atlas_schema_revisions")
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error_when_creating_atlas_table", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("schema_migrations").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(false))
+		mock.ExpectExec("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnError(errors.New("create failed"))
+
+		err = ensureAtlasBaselineAligned(context.Background(), db, fstest.MapFS{})
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "create atlas_schema_revisions")
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error_when_inserting_baseline", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("schema_migrations").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+			WithArgs("atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT COUNT\\(\\*\\) FROM atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"count"}).AddRow(0))
+		mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO atlas_schema_revisions").
+			WithArgs("001_init", "001_init", 1, sqlmock.AnyArg()).
+			WillReturnError(errors.New("insert failed"))
+
+		fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+			"001_init.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte("CREATE TABLE t(id int);")},
+		}
+		err = ensureAtlasBaselineAligned(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "insert atlas baseline")
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrationsFS_ChecksumMismatchRejected(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock)
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT checksum FROM schema_migrations WHERE filename = \\$1").
+		WithArgs("001_init.sql").
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"checksum"}).AddRow("mismatched-checksum"))
+	mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"001_init.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte("CREATE TABLE t(id int);")},
+	}
+	err = applyMigrationsFS(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "checksum mismatch")
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrationsFS_CheckMigrationQueryError(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock)
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT checksum FROM schema_migrations WHERE filename = \\$1").
+		WithArgs("001_err.sql").
+		WillReturnError(errors.New("query failed"))
+	mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"001_err.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte("SELECT 1;")},
+	}
+	err = applyMigrationsFS(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "check migration 001_err.sql")
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrationsFS_SkipEmptyAndAlreadyApplied(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock)
+
+	alreadySQL := "CREATE TABLE t(id int);"
+	checksum := migrationChecksum(alreadySQL)
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT checksum FROM schema_migrations WHERE filename = \\$1").
+		WithArgs("001_already.sql").
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"checksum"}).AddRow(checksum))
+	mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"000_empty.sql":   &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte("   \n\t ")},
+		"001_already.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Data: []byte(alreadySQL)},
+	}
+	err = applyMigrationsFS(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrationsFS_ReadMigrationError(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock)
+	mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"001_bad.sql": &fstest.MapFile{Mode: fs.ModeDir},
+	}
+	err = applyMigrationsFS(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "read migration 001_bad.sql")
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestPgAdvisoryLockAndUnlock_ErrorBranches(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("context_cancelled_while_not_locked", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock\\(\\$1\\)").
+			WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"pg_try_advisory_lock"}).AddRow(false))
+
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Millisecond)
+		defer cancel()
+		err = pgAdvisoryLock(ctx, db)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "acquire migrations lock")
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("unlock_exec_error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+			WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+			WillReturnError(errors.New("unlock failed"))
+
+		err = pgAdvisoryUnlock(context.Background(), db)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+		require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "release migrations lock")
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("acquire_lock_after_retry", func(t *testing.T) {
+		db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock\\(\\$1\\)").
+			WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"pg_try_advisory_lock"}).AddRow(false))
+		mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock\\(\\$1\\)").
+			WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+			WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"pg_try_advisory_lock"}).AddRow(true))
+
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), migrationsLockRetryInterval*3)
+		defer cancel()
+		start := time.Now()
+		err = pgAdvisoryLock(ctx, db)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.GreaterOrEqual(t, time.Since(start), migrationsLockRetryInterval)
+		require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+	})
+}
+
+func migrationChecksum(content string) string {
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(strings.TrimSpace(content)))
+	return hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner_notx_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/migrations_runner_notx_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"testing"
+	"testing/fstest"
+
+	sqlmock "github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestValidateMigrationExecutionMode(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("事务迁移包含CONCURRENTLY会被拒绝", func(t *testing.T) {
+		nonTx, err := validateMigrationExecutionMode("001_add_idx.sql", "CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY idx_a ON t(a);")
+		require.False(t, nonTx)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("notx迁移要求CREATE使用IF NOT EXISTS", func(t *testing.T) {
+		nonTx, err := validateMigrationExecutionMode("001_add_idx_notx.sql", "CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY idx_a ON t(a);")
+		require.False(t, nonTx)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("notx迁移要求DROP使用IF EXISTS", func(t *testing.T) {
+		nonTx, err := validateMigrationExecutionMode("001_drop_idx_notx.sql", "DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY idx_a;")
+		require.False(t, nonTx)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("notx迁移禁止事务控制语句", func(t *testing.T) {
+		nonTx, err := validateMigrationExecutionMode("001_add_idx_notx.sql", "BEGIN; CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_a ON t(a); COMMIT;")
+		require.False(t, nonTx)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("notx迁移禁止混用非CONCURRENTLY语句", func(t *testing.T) {
+		nonTx, err := validateMigrationExecutionMode("001_add_idx_notx.sql", "CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_a ON t(a); UPDATE t SET a = 1;")
+		require.False(t, nonTx)
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("notx迁移允许幂等并发索引语句", func(t *testing.T) {
+		nonTx, err := validateMigrationExecutionMode("001_add_idx_notx.sql", `
+CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_a ON t(a);
+DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF EXISTS idx_b;
+`)
+		require.True(t, nonTx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrationsFS_NonTransactionalMigration(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock)
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT checksum FROM schema_migrations WHERE filename = \\$1").
+		WithArgs("001_add_idx_notx.sql").
+		WillReturnError(sql.ErrNoRows)
+	mock.ExpectExec("CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_t_a ON t\\(a\\)").
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 0))
+	mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO schema_migrations \\(filename, checksum\\) VALUES \\(\\$1, \\$2\\)").
+		WithArgs("001_add_idx_notx.sql", sqlmock.AnyArg()).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
+	mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"001_add_idx_notx.sql": &fstest.MapFile{
+			Data: []byte("CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_t_a ON t(a);"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	err = applyMigrationsFS(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrationsFS_NonTransactionalMigration_MultiStatements(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock)
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT checksum FROM schema_migrations WHERE filename = \\$1").
+		WithArgs("001_add_multi_idx_notx.sql").
+		WillReturnError(sql.ErrNoRows)
+	mock.ExpectExec("CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_t_a ON t\\(a\\)").
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 0))
+	mock.ExpectExec("CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_t_b ON t\\(b\\)").
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 0))
+	mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO schema_migrations \\(filename, checksum\\) VALUES \\(\\$1, \\$2\\)").
+		WithArgs("001_add_multi_idx_notx.sql", sqlmock.AnyArg()).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
+	mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"001_add_multi_idx_notx.sql": &fstest.MapFile{
+			Data: []byte(`
+-- first
+CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_t_a ON t(a);
+-- second
+CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY IF NOT EXISTS idx_t_b ON t(b);
+`),
+		},
+	}
+
+	err = applyMigrationsFS(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestApplyMigrationsFS_TransactionalMigration(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() { _ = db.Close() }()
+
+	prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock)
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT checksum FROM schema_migrations WHERE filename = \\$1").
+		WithArgs("001_add_col.sql").
+		WillReturnError(sql.ErrNoRows)
+	mock.ExpectBegin()
+	mock.ExpectExec("ALTER TABLE t ADD COLUMN name TEXT").
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 0))
+	mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO schema_migrations \\(filename, checksum\\) VALUES \\(\\$1, \\$2\\)").
+		WithArgs("001_add_col.sql", sqlmock.AnyArg()).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
+	mock.ExpectCommit()
+	mock.ExpectExec("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 1))
+
+	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
+		"001_add_col.sql": &fstest.MapFile{
+			Data: []byte("ALTER TABLE t ADD COLUMN name TEXT;"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	err = applyMigrationsFS(context.Background(), db, fsys)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func prepareMigrationsBootstrapExpectations(mock sqlmock.Sqlmock) {
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock\\(\\$1\\)").
+		WithArgs(migrationsAdvisoryLockID).
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"pg_try_advisory_lock"}).AddRow(true))
+	mock.ExpectExec("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS schema_migrations").
+		WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(0, 0))
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+		WithArgs("schema_migrations").
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT EXISTS \\(").
+		WithArgs("atlas_schema_revisions").
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"exists"}).AddRow(true))
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT COUNT\\(\\*\\) FROM atlas_schema_revisions").
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"count"}).AddRow(1))
+}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/migrations_schema_integration_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/migrations_schema_integration_test.go
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ func TestMigrationsRunner_IsIdempotent_AndSchemaIsUpToDate(t *testing.T) {

 	// usage_logs: billing_type used by filters/stats
 	requireColumn(t, tx, "usage_logs", "billing_type", "smallint", 0, false)
+	requireColumn(t, tx, "usage_logs", "request_type", "smallint", 0, false)
+	requireColumn(t, tx, "usage_logs", "openai_ws_mode", "boolean", 0, false)

 	// settings table should exist
 	var settingsRegclass sql.NullString
--- a/backend/internal/repository/openai_oauth_service.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/openai_oauth_service.go
@@ -22,16 +22,20 @@ type openaiOAuthService struct {
 	tokenURL string
 }

-func (s *openaiOAuthService) ExchangeCode(ctx context.Context, code, codeVerifier, redirectURI, proxyURL string) (*openai.TokenResponse, error) {
+func (s *openaiOAuthService) ExchangeCode(ctx context.Context, code, codeVerifier, redirectURI, proxyURL, clientID string) (*openai.TokenResponse, error) {
 	client := createOpenAIReqClient(proxyURL)

 	if redirectURI == "" {
 		redirectURI = openai.DefaultRedirectURI
 	}
+	clientID = strings.TrimSpace(clientID)
+	if clientID == "" {
+		clientID = openai.ClientID
+	}

 	formData := url.Values{}
 	formData.Set("grant_type", "authorization_code")
-	formData.Set("client_id", openai.ClientID)
+	formData.Set("client_id", clientID)
 	formData.Set("code", code)
 	formData.Set("redirect_uri", redirectURI)
 	formData.Set("code_verifier", codeVerifier)
@@ -61,36 +65,12 @@ func (s *openaiOAuthService) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken, pro
 }

 func (s *openaiOAuthService) RefreshTokenWithClientID(ctx context.Context, refreshToken, proxyURL string, clientID string) (*openai.TokenResponse, error) {
-	if strings.TrimSpace(clientID) != "" {
-		return s.refreshTokenWithClientID(ctx, refreshToken, proxyURL, strings.TrimSpace(clientID))
+	// 调用方应始终传入正确的 client_id；为兼容旧数据，未指定时默认使用 OpenAI ClientID
+	clientID = strings.TrimSpace(clientID)
+	if clientID == "" {
+		clientID = openai.ClientID
 	}
-
-	clientIDs := []string{
-		openai.ClientID,
-		openai.SoraClientID,
-	}
-	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(clientIDs))
-	var lastErr error
-	for _, clientID := range clientIDs {
-		clientID = strings.TrimSpace(clientID)
-		if clientID == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if _, ok := seen[clientID]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[clientID] = struct{}{}
-
-		tokenResp, err := s.refreshTokenWithClientID(ctx, refreshToken, proxyURL, clientID)
-		if err == nil {
-			return tokenResp, nil
-		}
-		lastErr = err
-	}
-	if lastErr != nil {
-		return nil, lastErr
-	}
-	return nil, infraerrors.New(http.StatusBadGateway, "OPENAI_OAUTH_TOKEN_REFRESH_FAILED", "token refresh failed")
+	return s.refreshTokenWithClientID(ctx, refreshToken, proxyURL, clientID)
 }

 func (s *openaiOAuthService) refreshTokenWithClientID(ctx context.Context, refreshToken, proxyURL, clientID string) (*openai.TokenResponse, error) {
--- a/backend/internal/repository/openai_oauth_service_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/openai_oauth_service_test.go
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestExchangeCode_DefaultRedirectURI() {
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, `{"access_token":"at","refresh_token":"rt","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":3600}`)
 	}))

-	resp, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", "", "")
+	resp, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", "", "", "")
 	require.NoError(s.T(), err, "ExchangeCode")
 	select {
 	case msg := <-errCh:
@@ -136,7 +136,9 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRefreshToken_FormFields() {
 	require.Equal(s.T(), "rt2", resp.RefreshToken)
 }

-func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRefreshToken_FallbackToSoraClientID() {
+// TestRefreshToken_DefaultsToOpenAIClientID 验证未指定 client_id 时默认使用 OpenAI ClientID，
+// 且只发送一次请求（不再盲猜多个 client_id）。
+func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRefreshToken_DefaultsToOpenAIClientID() {
 	var seenClientIDs []string
 	s.setupServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		if err := r.ParseForm(); err != nil {
@@ -145,11 +147,27 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRefreshToken_FallbackToSoraClientID() {
 		}
 		clientID := r.PostForm.Get("client_id")
 		seenClientIDs = append(seenClientIDs, clientID)
-		if clientID == openai.ClientID {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, `{"access_token":"at","refresh_token":"rt","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":3600}`)
+	}))
+
+	resp, err := s.svc.RefreshToken(s.ctx, "rt", "")
+	require.NoError(s.T(), err, "RefreshToken")
+	require.Equal(s.T(), "at", resp.AccessToken)
+	// 只发送了一次请求，使用默认的 OpenAI ClientID
+	require.Equal(s.T(), []string{openai.ClientID}, seenClientIDs)
+}
+
+// TestRefreshToken_UseSoraClientID 验证显式传入 Sora ClientID 时直接使用，不回退。
+func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRefreshToken_UseSoraClientID() {
+	var seenClientIDs []string
+	s.setupServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if err := r.ParseForm(); err != nil {
 			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
-			_, _ = io.WriteString(w, "invalid_grant")
 			return
 		}
+		clientID := r.PostForm.Get("client_id")
+		seenClientIDs = append(seenClientIDs, clientID)
 		if clientID == openai.SoraClientID {
 			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 			_, _ = io.WriteString(w, `{"access_token":"at-sora","refresh_token":"rt-sora","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":3600}`)
@@ -158,11 +176,10 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRefreshToken_FallbackToSoraClientID() {
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
 	}))

-	resp, err := s.svc.RefreshToken(s.ctx, "rt", "")
-	require.NoError(s.T(), err, "RefreshToken")
+	resp, err := s.svc.RefreshTokenWithClientID(s.ctx, "rt", "", openai.SoraClientID)
+	require.NoError(s.T(), err, "RefreshTokenWithClientID")
 	require.Equal(s.T(), "at-sora", resp.AccessToken)
-	require.Equal(s.T(), "rt-sora", resp.RefreshToken)
-	require.Equal(s.T(), []string{openai.ClientID, openai.SoraClientID}, seenClientIDs)
+	require.Equal(s.T(), []string{openai.SoraClientID}, seenClientIDs)
 }

 func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRefreshToken_UseProvidedClientID() {
@@ -196,7 +213,7 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestNonSuccessStatus_IncludesBody() {
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, "bad")
 	}))

-	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "")
+	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "", "")
 	require.Error(s.T(), err)
 	require.ErrorContains(s.T(), err, "status 400")
 	require.ErrorContains(s.T(), err, "bad")
@@ -206,7 +223,7 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestRequestError_ClosedServer() {
 	s.setupServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {}))
 	s.srv.Close()

-	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "")
+	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "", "")
 	require.Error(s.T(), err)
 	require.ErrorContains(s.T(), err, "request failed")
 }
@@ -223,7 +240,7 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestContextCancel() {

 	done := make(chan error, 1)
 	go func() {
-		_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "")
+		_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "", "")
 		done <- err
 	}()

@@ -249,7 +266,30 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestExchangeCode_UsesProvidedRedirectURI() {
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, `{"access_token":"at","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":1}`)
 	}))

-	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", want, "")
+	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", want, "", "")
+	require.NoError(s.T(), err, "ExchangeCode")
+	select {
+	case msg := <-errCh:
+		require.Fail(s.T(), msg)
+	default:
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestExchangeCode_UseProvidedClientID() {
+	wantClientID := openai.SoraClientID
+	errCh := make(chan string, 1)
+	s.setupServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		_ = r.ParseForm()
+		if got := r.PostForm.Get("client_id"); got != wantClientID {
+			errCh <- "client_id mismatch"
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			return
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, `{"access_token":"at","token_type":"bearer","expires_in":1}`)
+	}))
+
+	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "", wantClientID)
 	require.NoError(s.T(), err, "ExchangeCode")
 	select {
 	case msg := <-errCh:
@@ -267,7 +307,7 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestTokenURL_CanBeOverriddenWithQuery() {
 	}))
 	s.svc.tokenURL = s.srv.URL + "?x=1"

-	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "")
+	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "", "")
 	require.NoError(s.T(), err, "ExchangeCode")
 	select {
 	case <-s.received:
@@ -283,7 +323,7 @@ func (s *OpenAIOAuthServiceSuite) TestExchangeCode_SuccessButInvalidJSON() {
 		_, _ = io.WriteString(w, "not-valid-json")
 	}))

-	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "")
+	_, err := s.svc.ExchangeCode(s.ctx, "code", "ver", openai.DefaultRedirectURI, "", "")
 	require.Error(s.T(), err, "expected error for invalid JSON response")
 }

--- a/backend/internal/repository/ops_repo_dashboard.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/ops_repo_dashboard.go
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/service"
 )

+const (
+	opsRawLatencyQueryTimeout = 2 * time.Second
+	opsRawPeakQueryTimeout    = 1500 * time.Millisecond
+)
+
 func (r *opsRepository) GetDashboardOverview(ctx context.Context, filter *service.OpsDashboardFilter) (*service.OpsDashboardOverview, error) {
 	if r == nil || r.db == nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nil ops repository")
@@ -45,15 +50,24 @@ func (r *opsRepository) GetDashboardOverview(ctx context.Context, filter *servic
 func (r *opsRepository) getDashboardOverviewRaw(ctx context.Context, filter *service.OpsDashboardFilter) (*service.OpsDashboardOverview, error) {
 	start := filter.StartTime.UTC()
 	end := filter.EndTime.UTC()
+	degraded := false

 	successCount, tokenConsumed, err := r.queryUsageCounts(ctx, filter, start, end)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	duration, ttft, err := r.queryUsageLatency(ctx, filter, start, end)
+	latencyCtx, cancelLatency := context.WithTimeout(ctx, opsRawLatencyQueryTimeout)
+	duration, ttft, err := r.queryUsageLatency(latencyCtx, filter, start, end)
+	cancelLatency()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		if isQueryTimeoutErr(err) {
+			degraded = true
+			duration = service.OpsPercentiles{}
+			ttft = service.OpsPercentiles{}
+		} else {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}

 	errorTotal, businessLimited, errorCountSLA, upstreamExcl, upstream429, upstream529, err := r.queryErrorCounts(ctx, filter, start, end)
@@ -75,20 +89,40 @@ func (r *opsRepository) getDashboardOverviewRaw(ctx context.Context, filter *ser

 	qpsCurrent, tpsCurrent, err := r.queryCurrentRates(ctx, filter, end)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		if isQueryTimeoutErr(err) {
+			degraded = true
+		} else {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}

-	qpsPeak, err := r.queryPeakQPS(ctx, filter, start, end)
+	peakCtx, cancelPeak := context.WithTimeout(ctx, opsRawPeakQueryTimeout)
+	qpsPeak, tpsPeak, err := r.queryPeakRates(peakCtx, filter, start, end)
+	cancelPeak()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	tpsPeak, err := r.queryPeakTPS(ctx, filter, start, end)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		if isQueryTimeoutErr(err) {
+			degraded = true
+		} else {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}

 	qpsAvg := roundTo1DP(float64(requestCountTotal) / windowSeconds)
 	tpsAvg := roundTo1DP(float64(tokenConsumed) / windowSeconds)
+	if degraded {
+		if qpsCurrent <= 0 {
+			qpsCurrent = qpsAvg
+		}
+		if tpsCurrent <= 0 {
+			tpsCurrent = tpsAvg
+		}
+		if qpsPeak <= 0 {
+			qpsPeak = roundTo1DP(math.Max(qpsCurrent, qpsAvg))
+		}
+		if tpsPeak <= 0 {
+			tpsPeak = roundTo1DP(math.Max(tpsCurrent, tpsAvg))
+		}
+	}

 	return &service.OpsDashboardOverview{
 		StartTime: start,
@@ -230,26 +264,45 @@ func (r *opsRepository) getDashboardOverviewPreaggregated(ctx context.Context, f
 	sla := safeDivideFloat64(float64(successCount), float64(requestCountSLA))
 	errorRate := safeDivideFloat64(float64(errorCountSLA), float64(requestCountSLA))
 	upstreamErrorRate := safeDivideFloat64(float64(upstreamExcl), float64(requestCountSLA))
+	degraded := false

 	// Keep "current" rates as raw, to preserve realtime semantics.
 	qpsCurrent, tpsCurrent, err := r.queryCurrentRates(ctx, filter, end)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		if isQueryTimeoutErr(err) {
+			degraded = true
+		} else {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}

-	// NOTE: peak still uses raw logs (minute granularity). This is typically cheaper than percentile_cont
-	// and keeps semantics consistent across modes.
-	qpsPeak, err := r.queryPeakQPS(ctx, filter, start, end)
+	peakCtx, cancelPeak := context.WithTimeout(ctx, opsRawPeakQueryTimeout)
+	qpsPeak, tpsPeak, err := r.queryPeakRates(peakCtx, filter, start, end)
+	cancelPeak()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	tpsPeak, err := r.queryPeakTPS(ctx, filter, start, end)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		if isQueryTimeoutErr(err) {
+			degraded = true
+		} else {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}

 	qpsAvg := roundTo1DP(float64(requestCountTotal) / windowSeconds)
 	tpsAvg := roundTo1DP(float64(tokenConsumed) / windowSeconds)
+	if degraded {
+		if qpsCurrent <= 0 {
+			qpsCurrent = qpsAvg
+		}
+		if tpsCurrent <= 0 {
+			tpsCurrent = tpsAvg
+		}
+		if qpsPeak <= 0 {
+			qpsPeak = roundTo1DP(math.Max(qpsCurrent, qpsAvg))
+		}
+		if tpsPeak <= 0 {
+			tpsPeak = roundTo1DP(math.Max(tpsCurrent, tpsAvg))
+		}
+	}

 	return &service.OpsDashboardOverview{
 		StartTime: start,
@@ -577,9 +630,16 @@ func (r *opsRepository) queryRawPartial(ctx context.Context, filter *service.Ops
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	duration, ttft, err := r.queryUsageLatency(ctx, filter, start, end)
+	latencyCtx, cancelLatency := context.WithTimeout(ctx, opsRawLatencyQueryTimeout)
+	duration, ttft, err := r.queryUsageLatency(latencyCtx, filter, start, end)
+	cancelLatency()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		if isQueryTimeoutErr(err) {
+			duration = service.OpsPercentiles{}
+			ttft = service.OpsPercentiles{}
+		} else {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 	}

 	errorTotal, businessLimited, errorCountSLA, upstreamExcl, upstream429, upstream529, err := r.queryErrorCounts(ctx, filter, start, end)
@@ -735,68 +795,56 @@ FROM usage_logs ul
 }

 func (r *opsRepository) queryUsageLatency(ctx context.Context, filter *service.OpsDashboardFilter, start, end time.Time) (duration service.OpsPercentiles, ttft service.OpsPercentiles, err error) {
-	{
-		join, where, args, _ := buildUsageWhere(filter, start, end, 1)
-		q := `
+	join, where, args, _ := buildUsageWhere(filter, start, end, 1)
+	q := `
 SELECT
-  percentile_cont(0.50) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) AS p50,
-  percentile_cont(0.90) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) AS p90,
-  percentile_cont(0.95) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) AS p95,
-  percentile_cont(0.99) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) AS p99,
-  AVG(duration_ms) AS avg_ms,
-  MAX(duration_ms) AS max_ms
+  percentile_cont(0.50) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) FILTER (WHERE duration_ms IS NOT NULL) AS duration_p50,
+  percentile_cont(0.90) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) FILTER (WHERE duration_ms IS NOT NULL) AS duration_p90,
+  percentile_cont(0.95) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) FILTER (WHERE duration_ms IS NOT NULL) AS duration_p95,
+  percentile_cont(0.99) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY duration_ms) FILTER (WHERE duration_ms IS NOT NULL) AS duration_p99,
+  AVG(duration_ms) FILTER (WHERE duration_ms IS NOT NULL) AS duration_avg,
+  MAX(duration_ms) AS duration_max,
+  percentile_cont(0.50) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) FILTER (WHERE first_token_ms IS NOT NULL) AS ttft_p50,
+  percentile_cont(0.90) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) FILTER (WHERE first_token_ms IS NOT NULL) AS ttft_p90,
+  percentile_cont(0.95) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) FILTER (WHERE first_token_ms IS NOT NULL) AS ttft_p95,
+  percentile_cont(0.99) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) FILTER (WHERE first_token_ms IS NOT NULL) AS ttft_p99,
+  AVG(first_token_ms) FILTER (WHERE first_token_ms IS NOT NULL) AS ttft_avg,
+  MAX(first_token_ms) AS ttft_max
 FROM usage_logs ul
 ` + join + `
-` + where + `
-AND duration_ms IS NOT NULL`
+` + where

-		var p50, p90, p95, p99 sql.NullFloat64
-		var avg sql.NullFloat64
-		var max sql.NullInt64
-		if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, q, args...).Scan(&p50, &p90, &p95, &p99, &avg, &max); err != nil {
-			return service.OpsPercentiles{}, service.OpsPercentiles{}, err
-		}
-		duration.P50 = floatToIntPtr(p50)
-		duration.P90 = floatToIntPtr(p90)
-		duration.P95 = floatToIntPtr(p95)
-		duration.P99 = floatToIntPtr(p99)
-		duration.Avg = floatToIntPtr(avg)
-		if max.Valid {
-			v := int(max.Int64)
-			duration.Max = &v
-		}
+	var dP50, dP90, dP95, dP99 sql.NullFloat64
+	var dAvg sql.NullFloat64
+	var dMax sql.NullInt64
+	var tP50, tP90, tP95, tP99 sql.NullFloat64
+	var tAvg sql.NullFloat64
+	var tMax sql.NullInt64
+	if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, q, args...).Scan(
+		&dP50, &dP90, &dP95, &dP99, &dAvg, &dMax,
+		&tP50, &tP90, &tP95, &tP99, &tAvg, &tMax,
+	); err != nil {
+		return service.OpsPercentiles{}, service.OpsPercentiles{}, err
 	}

-	{
-		join, where, args, _ := buildUsageWhere(filter, start, end, 1)
-		q := `
-SELECT
-  percentile_cont(0.50) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) AS p50,
-  percentile_cont(0.90) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) AS p90,
-  percentile_cont(0.95) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) AS p95,
-  percentile_cont(0.99) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY first_token_ms) AS p99,
-  AVG(first_token_ms) AS avg_ms,
-  MAX(first_token_ms) AS max_ms
-FROM usage_logs ul
-` + join + `
-` + where + `
-AND first_token_ms IS NOT NULL`
+	duration.P50 = floatToIntPtr(dP50)
+	duration.P90 = floatToIntPtr(dP90)
+	duration.P95 = floatToIntPtr(dP95)
+	duration.P99 = floatToIntPtr(dP99)
+	duration.Avg = floatToIntPtr(dAvg)
+	if dMax.Valid {
+		v := int(dMax.Int64)
+		duration.Max = &v
+	}

-		var p50, p90, p95, p99 sql.NullFloat64
-		var avg sql.NullFloat64
-		var max sql.NullInt64
-		if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, q, args...).Scan(&p50, &p90, &p95, &p99, &avg, &max); err != nil {
-			return service.OpsPercentiles{}, service.OpsPercentiles{}, err
-		}
-		ttft.P50 = floatToIntPtr(p50)
-		ttft.P90 = floatToIntPtr(p90)
-		ttft.P95 = floatToIntPtr(p95)
-		ttft.P99 = floatToIntPtr(p99)
-		ttft.Avg = floatToIntPtr(avg)
-		if max.Valid {
-			v := int(max.Int64)
-			ttft.Max = &v
-		}
+	ttft.P50 = floatToIntPtr(tP50)
+	ttft.P90 = floatToIntPtr(tP90)
+	ttft.P95 = floatToIntPtr(tP95)
+	ttft.P99 = floatToIntPtr(tP99)
+	ttft.Avg = floatToIntPtr(tAvg)
+	if tMax.Valid {
+		v := int(tMax.Int64)
+		ttft.Max = &v
 	}

 	return duration, ttft, nil
@@ -854,20 +902,23 @@ func (r *opsRepository) queryCurrentRates(ctx context.Context, filter *service.O
 	return qpsCurrent, tpsCurrent, nil
 }

-func (r *opsRepository) queryPeakQPS(ctx context.Context, filter *service.OpsDashboardFilter, start, end time.Time) (float64, error) {
+func (r *opsRepository) queryPeakRates(ctx context.Context, filter *service.OpsDashboardFilter, start, end time.Time) (qpsPeak float64, tpsPeak float64, err error) {
 	usageJoin, usageWhere, usageArgs, next := buildUsageWhere(filter, start, end, 1)
 	errorWhere, errorArgs, _ := buildErrorWhere(filter, start, end, next)

 	q := `
 WITH usage_buckets AS (
-  SELECT date_trunc('minute', ul.created_at) AS bucket, COUNT(*) AS cnt
+  SELECT
+    date_trunc('minute', ul.created_at) AS bucket,
+    COUNT(*) AS req_cnt,
+    COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens), 0) AS token_cnt
  FROM usage_logs ul
  ` + usageJoin + `
  ` + usageWhere + `
  GROUP BY 1
 ),
 error_buckets AS (
-  SELECT date_trunc('minute', created_at) AS bucket, COUNT(*) AS cnt
+  SELECT date_trunc('minute', created_at) AS bucket, COUNT(*) AS err_cnt
  FROM ops_error_logs
  ` + errorWhere + `
    AND COALESCE(status_code, 0) >= 400
@@ -875,47 +926,33 @@ error_buckets AS (
 ),
 combined AS (
  SELECT COALESCE(u.bucket, e.bucket) AS bucket,
-         COALESCE(u.cnt, 0) + COALESCE(e.cnt, 0) AS total
+         COALESCE(u.req_cnt, 0) + COALESCE(e.err_cnt, 0) AS total_req,
+         COALESCE(u.token_cnt, 0) AS total_tokens
  FROM usage_buckets u
  FULL OUTER JOIN error_buckets e ON u.bucket = e.bucket
 )
-SELECT COALESCE(MAX(total), 0) FROM combined`
+SELECT
+  COALESCE(MAX(total_req), 0) AS max_req_per_min,
+  COALESCE(MAX(total_tokens), 0) AS max_tokens_per_min
+FROM combined`

 	args := append(usageArgs, errorArgs...)

-	var maxPerMinute sql.NullInt64
-	if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, q, args...).Scan(&maxPerMinute); err != nil {
-		return 0, err
+	var maxReqPerMinute, maxTokensPerMinute sql.NullInt64
+	if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, q, args...).Scan(&maxReqPerMinute, &maxTokensPerMinute); err != nil {
+		return 0, 0, err
 	}
-	if !maxPerMinute.Valid || maxPerMinute.Int64 <= 0 {
-		return 0, nil
+	if maxReqPerMinute.Valid && maxReqPerMinute.Int64 > 0 {
+		qpsPeak = roundTo1DP(float64(maxReqPerMinute.Int64) / 60.0)
 	}
-	return roundTo1DP(float64(maxPerMinute.Int64) / 60.0), nil
+	if maxTokensPerMinute.Valid && maxTokensPerMinute.Int64 > 0 {
+		tpsPeak = roundTo1DP(float64(maxTokensPerMinute.Int64) / 60.0)
+	}
+	return qpsPeak, tpsPeak, nil
 }

-func (r *opsRepository) queryPeakTPS(ctx context.Context, filter *service.OpsDashboardFilter, start, end time.Time) (float64, error) {
-	join, where, args, _ := buildUsageWhere(filter, start, end, 1)
-
-	q := `
-SELECT COALESCE(MAX(tokens_per_min), 0)
-FROM (
-  SELECT
-    date_trunc('minute', ul.created_at) AS bucket,
-    COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens), 0) AS tokens_per_min
-  FROM usage_logs ul
-  ` + join + `
-  ` + where + `
-  GROUP BY 1
-) t`
-
-	var maxPerMinute sql.NullInt64
-	if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, q, args...).Scan(&maxPerMinute); err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	if !maxPerMinute.Valid || maxPerMinute.Int64 <= 0 {
-		return 0, nil
-	}
-	return roundTo1DP(float64(maxPerMinute.Int64) / 60.0), nil
+func isQueryTimeoutErr(err error) bool {
+	return errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded)
 }

 func buildUsageWhere(filter *service.OpsDashboardFilter, start, end time.Time, startIndex int) (join string, where string, args []any, nextIndex int) {
--- a/backend/internal/repository/ops_repo_dashboard_timeout_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/ops_repo_dashboard_timeout_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestIsQueryTimeoutErr(t *testing.T) {
+	if !isQueryTimeoutErr(context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+		t.Fatalf("context.DeadlineExceeded should be treated as query timeout")
+	}
+	if !isQueryTimeoutErr(fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", context.DeadlineExceeded)) {
+		t.Fatalf("wrapped context.DeadlineExceeded should be treated as query timeout")
+	}
+	if isQueryTimeoutErr(context.Canceled) {
+		t.Fatalf("context.Canceled should not be treated as query timeout")
+	}
+	if isQueryTimeoutErr(fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", context.Canceled)) {
+		t.Fatalf("wrapped context.Canceled should not be treated as query timeout")
+	}
+}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/sora_generation_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/sora_generation_repo.go
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/service"
+)
+
+// soraGenerationRepository 实现 service.SoraGenerationRepository 接口。
+// 使用原生 SQL 操作 sora_generations 表。
+type soraGenerationRepository struct {
+	sql *sql.DB
+}
+
+// NewSoraGenerationRepository 创建 Sora 生成记录仓储实例。
+func NewSoraGenerationRepository(sqlDB *sql.DB) service.SoraGenerationRepository {
+	return &soraGenerationRepository{sql: sqlDB}
+}
+
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, gen *service.SoraGeneration) error {
+	mediaURLsJSON, _ := json.Marshal(gen.MediaURLs)
+	s3KeysJSON, _ := json.Marshal(gen.S3ObjectKeys)
+
+	err := r.sql.QueryRowContext(ctx, `
+		INSERT INTO sora_generations (
+			user_id, api_key_id, model, prompt, media_type,
+			status, media_url, media_urls, file_size_bytes,
+			storage_type, s3_object_keys, upstream_task_id, error_message
+		) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)
+		RETURNING id, created_at
+	`,
+		gen.UserID, gen.APIKeyID, gen.Model, gen.Prompt, gen.MediaType,
+		gen.Status, gen.MediaURL, mediaURLsJSON, gen.FileSizeBytes,
+		gen.StorageType, s3KeysJSON, gen.UpstreamTaskID, gen.ErrorMessage,
+	).Scan(&gen.ID, &gen.CreatedAt)
+	return err
+}
+
+// CreatePendingWithLimit 在单事务内执行“并发上限检查 + 创建”，避免 count+create 竞态。
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) CreatePendingWithLimit(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	gen *service.SoraGeneration,
+	activeStatuses []string,
+	maxActive int64,
+) error {
+	if gen == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("generation is nil")
+	}
+	if maxActive <= 0 {
+		return r.Create(ctx, gen)
+	}
+	if len(activeStatuses) == 0 {
+		activeStatuses = []string{service.SoraGenStatusPending, service.SoraGenStatusGenerating}
+	}
+
+	tx, err := r.sql.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = tx.Rollback() }()
+
+	// 使用用户级 advisory lock 串行化并发创建，避免超限竞态。
+	if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, `SELECT pg_advisory_xact_lock($1)`, gen.UserID); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	placeholders := make([]string, len(activeStatuses))
+	args := make([]any, 0, 1+len(activeStatuses))
+	args = append(args, gen.UserID)
+	for i, s := range activeStatuses {
+		placeholders[i] = fmt.Sprintf("$%d", i+2)
+		args = append(args, s)
+	}
+	countQuery := fmt.Sprintf(
+		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sora_generations WHERE user_id = $1 AND status IN (%s)`,
+		strings.Join(placeholders, ","),
+	)
+	var activeCount int64
+	if err := tx.QueryRowContext(ctx, countQuery, args...).Scan(&activeCount); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if activeCount >= maxActive {
+		return service.ErrSoraGenerationConcurrencyLimit
+	}
+
+	mediaURLsJSON, _ := json.Marshal(gen.MediaURLs)
+	s3KeysJSON, _ := json.Marshal(gen.S3ObjectKeys)
+	if err := tx.QueryRowContext(ctx, `
+		INSERT INTO sora_generations (
+			user_id, api_key_id, model, prompt, media_type,
+			status, media_url, media_urls, file_size_bytes,
+			storage_type, s3_object_keys, upstream_task_id, error_message
+		) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)
+		RETURNING id, created_at
+	`,
+		gen.UserID, gen.APIKeyID, gen.Model, gen.Prompt, gen.MediaType,
+		gen.Status, gen.MediaURL, mediaURLsJSON, gen.FileSizeBytes,
+		gen.StorageType, s3KeysJSON, gen.UpstreamTaskID, gen.ErrorMessage,
+	).Scan(&gen.ID, &gen.CreatedAt); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return tx.Commit()
+}
+
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) GetByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*service.SoraGeneration, error) {
+	gen := &service.SoraGeneration{}
+	var mediaURLsJSON, s3KeysJSON []byte
+	var completedAt sql.NullTime
+	var apiKeyID sql.NullInt64
+
+	err := r.sql.QueryRowContext(ctx, `
+		SELECT id, user_id, api_key_id, model, prompt, media_type,
+			status, media_url, media_urls, file_size_bytes,
+			storage_type, s3_object_keys, upstream_task_id, error_message,
+			created_at, completed_at
+		FROM sora_generations WHERE id = $1
+	`, id).Scan(
+		&gen.ID, &gen.UserID, &apiKeyID, &gen.Model, &gen.Prompt, &gen.MediaType,
+		&gen.Status, &gen.MediaURL, &mediaURLsJSON, &gen.FileSizeBytes,
+		&gen.StorageType, &s3KeysJSON, &gen.UpstreamTaskID, &gen.ErrorMessage,
+		&gen.CreatedAt, &completedAt,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("生成记录不存在")
+		}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if apiKeyID.Valid {
+		gen.APIKeyID = &apiKeyID.Int64
+	}
+	if completedAt.Valid {
+		gen.CompletedAt = &completedAt.Time
+	}
+	_ = json.Unmarshal(mediaURLsJSON, &gen.MediaURLs)
+	_ = json.Unmarshal(s3KeysJSON, &gen.S3ObjectKeys)
+	return gen, nil
+}
+
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) Update(ctx context.Context, gen *service.SoraGeneration) error {
+	mediaURLsJSON, _ := json.Marshal(gen.MediaURLs)
+	s3KeysJSON, _ := json.Marshal(gen.S3ObjectKeys)
+
+	var completedAt *time.Time
+	if gen.CompletedAt != nil {
+		completedAt = gen.CompletedAt
+	}
+
+	_, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		UPDATE sora_generations SET
+			status = $2, media_url = $3, media_urls = $4, file_size_bytes = $5,
+			storage_type = $6, s3_object_keys = $7, upstream_task_id = $8,
+			error_message = $9, completed_at = $10
+		WHERE id = $1
+	`,
+		gen.ID, gen.Status, gen.MediaURL, mediaURLsJSON, gen.FileSizeBytes,
+		gen.StorageType, s3KeysJSON, gen.UpstreamTaskID,
+		gen.ErrorMessage, completedAt,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+// UpdateGeneratingIfPending 仅当状态为 pending 时更新为 generating。
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) UpdateGeneratingIfPending(ctx context.Context, id int64, upstreamTaskID string) (bool, error) {
+	result, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		UPDATE sora_generations
+		SET status = $2, upstream_task_id = $3
+		WHERE id = $1 AND status = $4
+	`,
+		id, service.SoraGenStatusGenerating, upstreamTaskID, service.SoraGenStatusPending,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	affected, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return affected > 0, nil
+}
+
+// UpdateCompletedIfActive 仅当状态为 pending/generating 时更新为 completed。
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) UpdateCompletedIfActive(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	id int64,
+	mediaURL string,
+	mediaURLs []string,
+	storageType string,
+	s3Keys []string,
+	fileSizeBytes int64,
+	completedAt time.Time,
+) (bool, error) {
+	mediaURLsJSON, _ := json.Marshal(mediaURLs)
+	s3KeysJSON, _ := json.Marshal(s3Keys)
+	result, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		UPDATE sora_generations
+		SET status = $2,
+			media_url = $3,
+			media_urls = $4,
+			file_size_bytes = $5,
+			storage_type = $6,
+			s3_object_keys = $7,
+			error_message = '',
+			completed_at = $8
+		WHERE id = $1 AND status IN ($9, $10)
+	`,
+		id, service.SoraGenStatusCompleted, mediaURL, mediaURLsJSON, fileSizeBytes,
+		storageType, s3KeysJSON, completedAt, service.SoraGenStatusPending, service.SoraGenStatusGenerating,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	affected, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return affected > 0, nil
+}
+
+// UpdateFailedIfActive 仅当状态为 pending/generating 时更新为 failed。
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) UpdateFailedIfActive(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	id int64,
+	errMsg string,
+	completedAt time.Time,
+) (bool, error) {
+	result, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		UPDATE sora_generations
+		SET status = $2,
+			error_message = $3,
+			completed_at = $4
+		WHERE id = $1 AND status IN ($5, $6)
+	`,
+		id, service.SoraGenStatusFailed, errMsg, completedAt, service.SoraGenStatusPending, service.SoraGenStatusGenerating,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	affected, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return affected > 0, nil
+}
+
+// UpdateCancelledIfActive 仅当状态为 pending/generating 时更新为 cancelled。
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) UpdateCancelledIfActive(ctx context.Context, id int64, completedAt time.Time) (bool, error) {
+	result, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		UPDATE sora_generations
+		SET status = $2, completed_at = $3
+		WHERE id = $1 AND status IN ($4, $5)
+	`,
+		id, service.SoraGenStatusCancelled, completedAt, service.SoraGenStatusPending, service.SoraGenStatusGenerating,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	affected, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return affected > 0, nil
+}
+
+// UpdateStorageIfCompleted 更新已完成记录的存储信息（用于手动保存，不重置 completed_at）。
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) UpdateStorageIfCompleted(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	id int64,
+	mediaURL string,
+	mediaURLs []string,
+	storageType string,
+	s3Keys []string,
+	fileSizeBytes int64,
+) (bool, error) {
+	mediaURLsJSON, _ := json.Marshal(mediaURLs)
+	s3KeysJSON, _ := json.Marshal(s3Keys)
+	result, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		UPDATE sora_generations
+		SET media_url = $2,
+			media_urls = $3,
+			file_size_bytes = $4,
+			storage_type = $5,
+			s3_object_keys = $6
+		WHERE id = $1 AND status = $7
+	`,
+		id, mediaURL, mediaURLsJSON, fileSizeBytes, storageType, s3KeysJSON, service.SoraGenStatusCompleted,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	affected, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return affected > 0, nil
+}
+
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) Delete(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
+	_, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM sora_generations WHERE id = $1`, id)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) List(ctx context.Context, params service.SoraGenerationListParams) ([]*service.SoraGeneration, int64, error) {
+	// 构建 WHERE 条件
+	conditions := []string{"user_id = $1"}
+	args := []any{params.UserID}
+	argIdx := 2
+
+	if params.Status != "" {
+		// 支持逗号分隔的多状态
+		statuses := strings.Split(params.Status, ",")
+		placeholders := make([]string, len(statuses))
+		for i, s := range statuses {
+			placeholders[i] = fmt.Sprintf("$%d", argIdx)
+			args = append(args, strings.TrimSpace(s))
+			argIdx++
+		}
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("status IN (%s)", strings.Join(placeholders, ",")))
+	}
+	if params.StorageType != "" {
+		storageTypes := strings.Split(params.StorageType, ",")
+		placeholders := make([]string, len(storageTypes))
+		for i, s := range storageTypes {
+			placeholders[i] = fmt.Sprintf("$%d", argIdx)
+			args = append(args, strings.TrimSpace(s))
+			argIdx++
+		}
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("storage_type IN (%s)", strings.Join(placeholders, ",")))
+	}
+	if params.MediaType != "" {
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("media_type = $%d", argIdx))
+		args = append(args, params.MediaType)
+		argIdx++
+	}
+
+	whereClause := "WHERE " + strings.Join(conditions, " AND ")
+
+	// 计数
+	var total int64
+	countQuery := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sora_generations %s", whereClause)
+	if err := r.sql.QueryRowContext(ctx, countQuery, args...).Scan(&total); err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+
+	// 分页查询
+	offset := (params.Page - 1) * params.PageSize
+	listQuery := fmt.Sprintf(`
+		SELECT id, user_id, api_key_id, model, prompt, media_type,
+			status, media_url, media_urls, file_size_bytes,
+			storage_type, s3_object_keys, upstream_task_id, error_message,
+			created_at, completed_at
+		FROM sora_generations %s
+		ORDER BY created_at DESC
+		LIMIT $%d OFFSET $%d
+	`, whereClause, argIdx, argIdx+1)
+	args = append(args, params.PageSize, offset)
+
+	rows, err := r.sql.QueryContext(ctx, listQuery, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = rows.Close()
+	}()
+
+	var results []*service.SoraGeneration
+	for rows.Next() {
+		gen := &service.SoraGeneration{}
+		var mediaURLsJSON, s3KeysJSON []byte
+		var completedAt sql.NullTime
+		var apiKeyID sql.NullInt64
+
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&gen.ID, &gen.UserID, &apiKeyID, &gen.Model, &gen.Prompt, &gen.MediaType,
+			&gen.Status, &gen.MediaURL, &mediaURLsJSON, &gen.FileSizeBytes,
+			&gen.StorageType, &s3KeysJSON, &gen.UpstreamTaskID, &gen.ErrorMessage,
+			&gen.CreatedAt, &completedAt,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, 0, err
+		}
+
+		if apiKeyID.Valid {
+			gen.APIKeyID = &apiKeyID.Int64
+		}
+		if completedAt.Valid {
+			gen.CompletedAt = &completedAt.Time
+		}
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(mediaURLsJSON, &gen.MediaURLs)
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(s3KeysJSON, &gen.S3ObjectKeys)
+		results = append(results, gen)
+	}
+
+	return results, total, rows.Err()
+}
+
+func (r *soraGenerationRepository) CountByUserAndStatus(ctx context.Context, userID int64, statuses []string) (int64, error) {
+	if len(statuses) == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	placeholders := make([]string, len(statuses))
+	args := []any{userID}
+	for i, s := range statuses {
+		placeholders[i] = fmt.Sprintf("$%d", i+2)
+		args = append(args, s)
+	}
+
+	var count int64
+	query := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sora_generations WHERE user_id = $1 AND status IN (%s)", strings.Join(placeholders, ","))
+	err := r.sql.QueryRowContext(ctx, query, args...).Scan(&count)
+	return count, err
+}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/usage_cleanup_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/usage_cleanup_repo.go
@@ -362,7 +362,12 @@ func buildUsageCleanupWhere(filters service.UsageCleanupFilters) (string, []any)
 			idx++
 		}
 	}
-	if filters.Stream != nil {
+	if filters.RequestType != nil {
+		condition, conditionArgs := buildRequestTypeFilterCondition(idx, *filters.RequestType)
+		conditions = append(conditions, condition)
+		args = append(args, conditionArgs...)
+		idx += len(conditionArgs)
+	} else if filters.Stream != nil {
 		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("stream = $%d", idx))
 		args = append(args, *filters.Stream)
 		idx++
--- a/backend/internal/repository/usage_cleanup_repo_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/usage_cleanup_repo_test.go
@@ -466,6 +466,38 @@ func TestBuildUsageCleanupWhere(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, []any{start, end, userID, apiKeyID, accountID, groupID, "gpt-4", stream, billingType}, args)
 }

+func TestBuildUsageCleanupWhereRequestTypePriority(t *testing.T) {
+	start := time.Date(2024, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	end := start.Add(24 * time.Hour)
+	requestType := int16(service.RequestTypeWSV2)
+	stream := false
+
+	where, args := buildUsageCleanupWhere(service.UsageCleanupFilters{
+		StartTime:   start,
+		EndTime:     end,
+		RequestType: &requestType,
+		Stream:      &stream,
+	})
+
+	require.Equal(t, "created_at >= $1 AND created_at <= $2 AND (request_type = $3 OR (request_type = 0 AND openai_ws_mode = TRUE))", where)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{start, end, requestType}, args)
+}
+
+func TestBuildUsageCleanupWhereRequestTypeLegacyFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	start := time.Date(2024, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	end := start.Add(24 * time.Hour)
+	requestType := int16(service.RequestTypeStream)
+
+	where, args := buildUsageCleanupWhere(service.UsageCleanupFilters{
+		StartTime:   start,
+		EndTime:     end,
+		RequestType: &requestType,
+	})
+
+	require.Equal(t, "created_at >= $1 AND created_at <= $2 AND (request_type = $3 OR (request_type = 0 AND stream = TRUE AND openai_ws_mode = FALSE))", where)
+	require.Equal(t, []any{start, end, requestType}, args)
+}
+
 func TestBuildUsageCleanupWhereModelEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 	start := time.Date(2024, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
 	end := start.Add(24 * time.Hour)
--- a/backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/lib/pq"
 )

-const usageLogSelectColumns = "id, user_id, api_key_id, account_id, request_id, model, group_id, subscription_id, input_tokens, output_tokens, cache_creation_tokens, cache_read_tokens, cache_creation_5m_tokens, cache_creation_1h_tokens, input_cost, output_cost, cache_creation_cost, cache_read_cost, total_cost, actual_cost, rate_multiplier, account_rate_multiplier, billing_type, stream, duration_ms, first_token_ms, user_agent, ip_address, image_count, image_size, media_type, reasoning_effort, cache_ttl_overridden, created_at"
+const usageLogSelectColumns = "id, user_id, api_key_id, account_id, request_id, model, group_id, subscription_id, input_tokens, output_tokens, cache_creation_tokens, cache_read_tokens, cache_creation_5m_tokens, cache_creation_1h_tokens, input_cost, output_cost, cache_creation_cost, cache_read_cost, total_cost, actual_cost, rate_multiplier, account_rate_multiplier, billing_type, request_type, stream, openai_ws_mode, duration_ms, first_token_ms, user_agent, ip_address, image_count, image_size, media_type, reasoning_effort, cache_ttl_overridden, created_at"

 // dateFormatWhitelist 将 granularity 参数映射为 PostgreSQL TO_CHAR 格式字符串，防止外部输入直接拼入 SQL
 var dateFormatWhitelist = map[string]string{
@@ -98,6 +98,8 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, log *service.UsageLog)
 	log.RequestID = requestID

 	rateMultiplier := log.RateMultiplier
+	log.SyncRequestTypeAndLegacyFields()
+	requestType := int16(log.RequestType)

 	query := `
 		INSERT INTO usage_logs (
@@ -123,7 +125,9 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, log *service.UsageLog)
 			rate_multiplier,
 			account_rate_multiplier,
 			billing_type,
+			request_type,
 			stream,
+			openai_ws_mode,
 			duration_ms,
 			first_token_ms,
 			user_agent,
@@ -140,7 +144,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, log *service.UsageLog)
 			$8, $9, $10, $11,
 			$12, $13,
 			$14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19,
-			$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29, $30, $31, $32, $33
+			$20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28, $29, $30, $31, $32, $33, $34, $35
 		)
 		ON CONFLICT (request_id, api_key_id) DO NOTHING
 		RETURNING id, created_at
@@ -184,7 +188,9 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, log *service.UsageLog)
 		rateMultiplier,
 		log.AccountRateMultiplier,
 		log.BillingType,
+		requestType,
 		log.Stream,
+		log.OpenAIWSMode,
 		duration,
 		firstToken,
 		userAgent,
@@ -492,25 +498,46 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) fillDashboardUsageStatsAggregated(ctx context.Conte
 }

 func (r *usageLogRepository) fillDashboardUsageStatsFromUsageLogs(ctx context.Context, stats *DashboardStats, startUTC, endUTC, todayUTC, now time.Time) error {
-	totalStatsQuery := `
+	todayEnd := todayUTC.Add(24 * time.Hour)
+	combinedStatsQuery := `
+		WITH scoped AS (
+			SELECT
+				created_at,
+				input_tokens,
+				output_tokens,
+				cache_creation_tokens,
+				cache_read_tokens,
+				total_cost,
+				actual_cost,
+				COALESCE(duration_ms, 0) AS duration_ms
+			FROM usage_logs
+			WHERE created_at >= LEAST($1::timestamptz, $3::timestamptz)
+				AND created_at < GREATEST($2::timestamptz, $4::timestamptz)
+		)
 		SELECT
-			COUNT(*) as total_requests,
-			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens), 0) as total_input_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(output_tokens), 0) as total_output_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(cache_creation_tokens), 0) as total_cache_creation_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(cache_read_tokens), 0) as total_cache_read_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost), 0) as total_cost,
-			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as total_actual_cost,
-			COALESCE(SUM(COALESCE(duration_ms, 0)), 0) as total_duration_ms
-		FROM usage_logs
-		WHERE created_at >= $1 AND created_at < $2
+			COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz) AS total_requests,
+			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz), 0) AS total_input_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(output_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz), 0) AS total_output_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(cache_creation_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz), 0) AS total_cache_creation_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(cache_read_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz), 0) AS total_cache_read_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz), 0) AS total_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz), 0) AS total_actual_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(duration_ms) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz), 0) AS total_duration_ms,
+			COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz) AS today_requests,
+			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz), 0) AS today_input_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(output_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz), 0) AS today_output_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(cache_creation_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz), 0) AS today_cache_creation_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(cache_read_tokens) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz), 0) AS today_cache_read_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz), 0) AS today_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost) FILTER (WHERE created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz), 0) AS today_actual_cost
+		FROM scoped
 	`
 	var totalDurationMs int64
 	if err := scanSingleRow(
 		ctx,
 		r.sql,
-		totalStatsQuery,
-		[]any{startUTC, endUTC},
+		combinedStatsQuery,
+		[]any{startUTC, endUTC, todayUTC, todayEnd},
 		&stats.TotalRequests,
 		&stats.TotalInputTokens,
 		&stats.TotalOutputTokens,
@@ -519,32 +546,6 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) fillDashboardUsageStatsFromUsageLogs(ctx context.Co
 		&stats.TotalCost,
 		&stats.TotalActualCost,
 		&totalDurationMs,
-	); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	stats.TotalTokens = stats.TotalInputTokens + stats.TotalOutputTokens + stats.TotalCacheCreationTokens + stats.TotalCacheReadTokens
-	if stats.TotalRequests > 0 {
-		stats.AverageDurationMs = float64(totalDurationMs) / float64(stats.TotalRequests)
-	}
-
-	todayEnd := todayUTC.Add(24 * time.Hour)
-	todayStatsQuery := `
-		SELECT
-			COUNT(*) as today_requests,
-			COALESCE(SUM(input_tokens), 0) as today_input_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(output_tokens), 0) as today_output_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(cache_creation_tokens), 0) as today_cache_creation_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(cache_read_tokens), 0) as today_cache_read_tokens,
-			COALESCE(SUM(total_cost), 0) as today_cost,
-			COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as today_actual_cost
-		FROM usage_logs
-		WHERE created_at >= $1 AND created_at < $2
-	`
-	if err := scanSingleRow(
-		ctx,
-		r.sql,
-		todayStatsQuery,
-		[]any{todayUTC, todayEnd},
 		&stats.TodayRequests,
 		&stats.TodayInputTokens,
 		&stats.TodayOutputTokens,
@@ -555,25 +556,28 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) fillDashboardUsageStatsFromUsageLogs(ctx context.Co
 	); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	stats.TodayTokens = stats.TodayInputTokens + stats.TodayOutputTokens + stats.TodayCacheCreationTokens + stats.TodayCacheReadTokens
-
-	activeUsersQuery := `
-		SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) as active_users
-		FROM usage_logs
-		WHERE created_at >= $1 AND created_at < $2
-	`
-	if err := scanSingleRow(ctx, r.sql, activeUsersQuery, []any{todayUTC, todayEnd}, &stats.ActiveUsers); err != nil {
-		return err
+	stats.TotalTokens = stats.TotalInputTokens + stats.TotalOutputTokens + stats.TotalCacheCreationTokens + stats.TotalCacheReadTokens
+	if stats.TotalRequests > 0 {
+		stats.AverageDurationMs = float64(totalDurationMs) / float64(stats.TotalRequests)
 	}

+	stats.TodayTokens = stats.TodayInputTokens + stats.TodayOutputTokens + stats.TodayCacheCreationTokens + stats.TodayCacheReadTokens
+
 	hourStart := now.UTC().Truncate(time.Hour)
 	hourEnd := hourStart.Add(time.Hour)
-	hourlyActiveQuery := `
-		SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) as active_users
-		FROM usage_logs
-		WHERE created_at >= $1 AND created_at < $2
+	activeUsersQuery := `
+		WITH scoped AS (
+			SELECT user_id, created_at
+			FROM usage_logs
+			WHERE created_at >= LEAST($1::timestamptz, $3::timestamptz)
+				AND created_at < GREATEST($2::timestamptz, $4::timestamptz)
+		)
+		SELECT
+			COUNT(DISTINCT CASE WHEN created_at >= $1::timestamptz AND created_at < $2::timestamptz THEN user_id END) AS active_users,
+			COUNT(DISTINCT CASE WHEN created_at >= $3::timestamptz AND created_at < $4::timestamptz THEN user_id END) AS hourly_active_users
+		FROM scoped
 	`
-	if err := scanSingleRow(ctx, r.sql, hourlyActiveQuery, []any{hourStart, hourEnd}, &stats.HourlyActiveUsers); err != nil {
+	if err := scanSingleRow(ctx, r.sql, activeUsersQuery, []any{todayUTC, todayEnd, hourStart, hourEnd}, &stats.ActiveUsers, &stats.HourlyActiveUsers); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

@@ -968,6 +972,61 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountWindowStatsBatch(ctx context.Context, acc
 	return result, nil
 }

+// GetGeminiUsageTotalsBatch 批量聚合 Gemini 账号在窗口内的 Pro/Flash 请求与用量。
+// 模型分类规则与 service.geminiModelClassFromName 一致：model 包含 flash/lite 视为 flash，其余视为 pro。
+func (r *usageLogRepository) GetGeminiUsageTotalsBatch(ctx context.Context, accountIDs []int64, startTime, endTime time.Time) (map[int64]service.GeminiUsageTotals, error) {
+	result := make(map[int64]service.GeminiUsageTotals, len(accountIDs))
+	if len(accountIDs) == 0 {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+
+	query := `
+		SELECT
+			account_id,
+			COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%flash%' OR LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%lite%' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END), 0) AS flash_requests,
+			COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%flash%' OR LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%lite%' THEN 0 ELSE 1 END), 0) AS pro_requests,
+			COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%flash%' OR LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%lite%' THEN (input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens) ELSE 0 END), 0) AS flash_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%flash%' OR LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%lite%' THEN 0 ELSE (input_tokens + output_tokens + cache_creation_tokens + cache_read_tokens) END), 0) AS pro_tokens,
+			COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%flash%' OR LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%lite%' THEN actual_cost ELSE 0 END), 0) AS flash_cost,
+			COALESCE(SUM(CASE WHEN LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%flash%' OR LOWER(COALESCE(model, '')) LIKE '%lite%' THEN 0 ELSE actual_cost END), 0) AS pro_cost
+		FROM usage_logs
+		WHERE account_id = ANY($1) AND created_at >= $2 AND created_at < $3
+		GROUP BY account_id
+	`
+	rows, err := r.sql.QueryContext(ctx, query, pq.Array(accountIDs), startTime, endTime)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = rows.Close() }()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var accountID int64
+		var totals service.GeminiUsageTotals
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&accountID,
+			&totals.FlashRequests,
+			&totals.ProRequests,
+			&totals.FlashTokens,
+			&totals.ProTokens,
+			&totals.FlashCost,
+			&totals.ProCost,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		result[accountID] = totals
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for _, accountID := range accountIDs {
+		if _, ok := result[accountID]; !ok {
+			result[accountID] = service.GeminiUsageTotals{}
+		}
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
 // TrendDataPoint represents a single point in trend data
 type TrendDataPoint = usagestats.TrendDataPoint

@@ -1399,10 +1458,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) ListWithFilters(ctx context.Context, params paginat
 		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("model = $%d", len(args)+1))
 		args = append(args, filters.Model)
 	}
-	if filters.Stream != nil {
-		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("stream = $%d", len(args)+1))
-		args = append(args, *filters.Stream)
-	}
+	conditions, args = appendRequestTypeOrStreamWhereCondition(conditions, args, filters.RequestType, filters.Stream)
 	if filters.BillingType != nil {
 		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("billing_type = $%d", len(args)+1))
 		args = append(args, int16(*filters.BillingType))
@@ -1598,7 +1654,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetBatchAPIKeyUsageStats(ctx context.Context, apiKe
 }

 // GetUsageTrendWithFilters returns usage trend data with optional filters
-func (r *usageLogRepository) GetUsageTrendWithFilters(ctx context.Context, startTime, endTime time.Time, granularity string, userID, apiKeyID, accountID, groupID int64, model string, stream *bool, billingType *int8) (results []TrendDataPoint, err error) {
+func (r *usageLogRepository) GetUsageTrendWithFilters(ctx context.Context, startTime, endTime time.Time, granularity string, userID, apiKeyID, accountID, groupID int64, model string, requestType *int16, stream *bool, billingType *int8) (results []TrendDataPoint, err error) {
 	dateFormat := safeDateFormat(granularity)

 	query := fmt.Sprintf(`
@@ -1636,10 +1692,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetUsageTrendWithFilters(ctx context.Context, start
 		query += fmt.Sprintf(" AND model = $%d", len(args)+1)
 		args = append(args, model)
 	}
-	if stream != nil {
-		query += fmt.Sprintf(" AND stream = $%d", len(args)+1)
-		args = append(args, *stream)
-	}
+	query, args = appendRequestTypeOrStreamQueryFilter(query, args, requestType, stream)
 	if billingType != nil {
 		query += fmt.Sprintf(" AND billing_type = $%d", len(args)+1)
 		args = append(args, int16(*billingType))
@@ -1667,7 +1720,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetUsageTrendWithFilters(ctx context.Context, start
 }

 // GetModelStatsWithFilters returns model statistics with optional filters
-func (r *usageLogRepository) GetModelStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, startTime, endTime time.Time, userID, apiKeyID, accountID, groupID int64, stream *bool, billingType *int8) (results []ModelStat, err error) {
+func (r *usageLogRepository) GetModelStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, startTime, endTime time.Time, userID, apiKeyID, accountID, groupID int64, requestType *int16, stream *bool, billingType *int8) (results []ModelStat, err error) {
 	actualCostExpr := "COALESCE(SUM(actual_cost), 0) as actual_cost"
 	// 当仅按 account_id 聚合时，实际费用使用账号倍率（total_cost * account_rate_multiplier）。
 	if accountID > 0 && userID == 0 && apiKeyID == 0 {
@@ -1704,10 +1757,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetModelStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, start
 		query += fmt.Sprintf(" AND group_id = $%d", len(args)+1)
 		args = append(args, groupID)
 	}
-	if stream != nil {
-		query += fmt.Sprintf(" AND stream = $%d", len(args)+1)
-		args = append(args, *stream)
-	}
+	query, args = appendRequestTypeOrStreamQueryFilter(query, args, requestType, stream)
 	if billingType != nil {
 		query += fmt.Sprintf(" AND billing_type = $%d", len(args)+1)
 		args = append(args, int16(*billingType))
@@ -1794,10 +1844,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetStatsWithFilters(ctx context.Context, filters Us
 		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("model = $%d", len(args)+1))
 		args = append(args, filters.Model)
 	}
-	if filters.Stream != nil {
-		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("stream = $%d", len(args)+1))
-		args = append(args, *filters.Stream)
-	}
+	conditions, args = appendRequestTypeOrStreamWhereCondition(conditions, args, filters.RequestType, filters.Stream)
 	if filters.BillingType != nil {
 		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("billing_type = $%d", len(args)+1))
 		args = append(args, int16(*filters.BillingType))
@@ -2017,7 +2064,7 @@ func (r *usageLogRepository) GetAccountUsageStats(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		}
 	}

-	models, err := r.GetModelStatsWithFilters(ctx, startTime, endTime, 0, 0, accountID, 0, nil, nil)
+	models, err := r.GetModelStatsWithFilters(ctx, startTime, endTime, 0, 0, accountID, 0, nil, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		models = []ModelStat{}
 	}
@@ -2267,7 +2314,9 @@ func scanUsageLog(scanner interface{ Scan(...any) error }) (*service.UsageLog, e
 		rateMultiplier        float64
 		accountRateMultiplier sql.NullFloat64
 		billingType           int16
+		requestTypeRaw        int16
 		stream                bool
+		openaiWSMode          bool
 		durationMs            sql.NullInt64
 		firstTokenMs          sql.NullInt64
 		userAgent             sql.NullString
@@ -2304,7 +2353,9 @@ func scanUsageLog(scanner interface{ Scan(...any) error }) (*service.UsageLog, e
 		&rateMultiplier,
 		&accountRateMultiplier,
 		&billingType,
+		&requestTypeRaw,
 		&stream,
+		&openaiWSMode,
 		&durationMs,
 		&firstTokenMs,
 		&userAgent,
@@ -2340,11 +2391,16 @@ func scanUsageLog(scanner interface{ Scan(...any) error }) (*service.UsageLog, e
 		RateMultiplier:        rateMultiplier,
 		AccountRateMultiplier: nullFloat64Ptr(accountRateMultiplier),
 		BillingType:           int8(billingType),
-		Stream:                stream,
+		RequestType:           service.RequestTypeFromInt16(requestTypeRaw),
 		ImageCount:            imageCount,
 		CacheTTLOverridden:    cacheTTLOverridden,
 		CreatedAt:             createdAt,
 	}
+	// 先回填 legacy 字段，再基于 legacy + request_type 计算最终请求类型，保证历史数据兼容。
+	log.Stream = stream
+	log.OpenAIWSMode = openaiWSMode
+	log.RequestType = log.EffectiveRequestType()
+	log.Stream, log.OpenAIWSMode = service.ApplyLegacyRequestFields(log.RequestType, stream, openaiWSMode)

 	if requestID.Valid {
 		log.RequestID = requestID.String
@@ -2438,6 +2494,50 @@ func buildWhere(conditions []string) string {
 	return "WHERE " + strings.Join(conditions, " AND ")
 }

+func appendRequestTypeOrStreamWhereCondition(conditions []string, args []any, requestType *int16, stream *bool) ([]string, []any) {
+	if requestType != nil {
+		condition, conditionArgs := buildRequestTypeFilterCondition(len(args)+1, *requestType)
+		conditions = append(conditions, condition)
+		args = append(args, conditionArgs...)
+		return conditions, args
+	}
+	if stream != nil {
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("stream = $%d", len(args)+1))
+		args = append(args, *stream)
+	}
+	return conditions, args
+}
+
+func appendRequestTypeOrStreamQueryFilter(query string, args []any, requestType *int16, stream *bool) (string, []any) {
+	if requestType != nil {
+		condition, conditionArgs := buildRequestTypeFilterCondition(len(args)+1, *requestType)
+		query += " AND " + condition
+		args = append(args, conditionArgs...)
+		return query, args
+	}
+	if stream != nil {
+		query += fmt.Sprintf(" AND stream = $%d", len(args)+1)
+		args = append(args, *stream)
+	}
+	return query, args
+}
+
+// buildRequestTypeFilterCondition 在 request_type 过滤时兼容 legacy 字段，避免历史数据漏查。
+func buildRequestTypeFilterCondition(startArgIndex int, requestType int16) (string, []any) {
+	normalized := service.RequestTypeFromInt16(requestType)
+	requestTypeArg := int16(normalized)
+	switch normalized {
+	case service.RequestTypeSync:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("(request_type = $%d OR (request_type = %d AND stream = FALSE AND openai_ws_mode = FALSE))", startArgIndex, int16(service.RequestTypeUnknown)), []any{requestTypeArg}
+	case service.RequestTypeStream:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("(request_type = $%d OR (request_type = %d AND stream = TRUE AND openai_ws_mode = FALSE))", startArgIndex, int16(service.RequestTypeUnknown)), []any{requestTypeArg}
+	case service.RequestTypeWSV2:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("(request_type = $%d OR (request_type = %d AND openai_ws_mode = TRUE))", startArgIndex, int16(service.RequestTypeUnknown)), []any{requestTypeArg}
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("request_type = $%d", startArgIndex), []any{requestTypeArg}
+	}
+}
+
 func nullInt64(v *int64) sql.NullInt64 {
 	if v == nil {
 		return sql.NullInt64{}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo_integration_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo_integration_test.go
@@ -130,6 +130,62 @@ func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetByID_ReturnsAccountRateMultiplier() {
 	s.Require().InEpsilon(0.5, *got.AccountRateMultiplier, 0.0001)
 }

+func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetByID_ReturnsOpenAIWSMode() {
+	user := mustCreateUser(s.T(), s.client, &service.User{Email: "getbyid-ws@test.com"})
+	apiKey := mustCreateApiKey(s.T(), s.client, &service.APIKey{UserID: user.ID, Key: "sk-getbyid-ws", Name: "k"})
+	account := mustCreateAccount(s.T(), s.client, &service.Account{Name: "acc-getbyid-ws"})
+
+	log := &service.UsageLog{
+		UserID:       user.ID,
+		APIKeyID:     apiKey.ID,
+		AccountID:    account.ID,
+		RequestID:    uuid.New().String(),
+		Model:        "gpt-5.3-codex",
+		InputTokens:  10,
+		OutputTokens: 20,
+		TotalCost:    1.0,
+		ActualCost:   1.0,
+		OpenAIWSMode: true,
+		CreatedAt:    timezone.Today().Add(3 * time.Hour),
+	}
+	_, err := s.repo.Create(s.ctx, log)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+
+	got, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, log.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().True(got.OpenAIWSMode)
+}
+
+func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetByID_ReturnsRequestTypeAndLegacyFallback() {
+	user := mustCreateUser(s.T(), s.client, &service.User{Email: "getbyid-request-type@test.com"})
+	apiKey := mustCreateApiKey(s.T(), s.client, &service.APIKey{UserID: user.ID, Key: "sk-getbyid-request-type", Name: "k"})
+	account := mustCreateAccount(s.T(), s.client, &service.Account{Name: "acc-getbyid-request-type"})
+
+	log := &service.UsageLog{
+		UserID:       user.ID,
+		APIKeyID:     apiKey.ID,
+		AccountID:    account.ID,
+		RequestID:    uuid.New().String(),
+		Model:        "gpt-5.3-codex",
+		RequestType:  service.RequestTypeWSV2,
+		Stream:       true,
+		OpenAIWSMode: false,
+		InputTokens:  10,
+		OutputTokens: 20,
+		TotalCost:    1.0,
+		ActualCost:   1.0,
+		CreatedAt:    timezone.Today().Add(4 * time.Hour),
+	}
+	_, err := s.repo.Create(s.ctx, log)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+
+	got, err := s.repo.GetByID(s.ctx, log.ID)
+	s.Require().NoError(err)
+	s.Require().Equal(service.RequestTypeWSV2, got.RequestType)
+	s.Require().True(got.Stream)
+	s.Require().True(got.OpenAIWSMode)
+}
+
 // --- Delete ---

 func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestDelete() {
@@ -944,17 +1000,17 @@ func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetUsageTrendWithFilters() {
 	endTime := base.Add(48 * time.Hour)

 	// Test with user filter
-	trend, err := s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "day", user.ID, 0, 0, 0, "", nil, nil)
+	trend, err := s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "day", user.ID, 0, 0, 0, "", nil, nil, nil)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetUsageTrendWithFilters user filter")
 	s.Require().Len(trend, 2)

 	// Test with apiKey filter
-	trend, err = s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "day", 0, apiKey.ID, 0, 0, "", nil, nil)
+	trend, err = s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "day", 0, apiKey.ID, 0, 0, "", nil, nil, nil)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetUsageTrendWithFilters apiKey filter")
 	s.Require().Len(trend, 2)

 	// Test with both filters
-	trend, err = s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "day", user.ID, apiKey.ID, 0, 0, "", nil, nil)
+	trend, err = s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "day", user.ID, apiKey.ID, 0, 0, "", nil, nil, nil)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetUsageTrendWithFilters both filters")
 	s.Require().Len(trend, 2)
 }
@@ -971,7 +1027,7 @@ func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetUsageTrendWithFilters_HourlyGranularity() {
 	startTime := base.Add(-1 * time.Hour)
 	endTime := base.Add(3 * time.Hour)

-	trend, err := s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "hour", user.ID, 0, 0, 0, "", nil, nil)
+	trend, err := s.repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, "hour", user.ID, 0, 0, 0, "", nil, nil, nil)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetUsageTrendWithFilters hourly")
 	s.Require().Len(trend, 2)
 }
@@ -1017,17 +1073,17 @@ func (s *UsageLogRepoSuite) TestGetModelStatsWithFilters() {
 	endTime := base.Add(2 * time.Hour)

 	// Test with user filter
-	stats, err := s.repo.GetModelStatsWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, user.ID, 0, 0, 0, nil, nil)
+	stats, err := s.repo.GetModelStatsWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, user.ID, 0, 0, 0, nil, nil, nil)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetModelStatsWithFilters user filter")
 	s.Require().Len(stats, 2)

 	// Test with apiKey filter
-	stats, err = s.repo.GetModelStatsWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, 0, apiKey.ID, 0, 0, nil, nil)
+	stats, err = s.repo.GetModelStatsWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, 0, apiKey.ID, 0, 0, nil, nil, nil)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetModelStatsWithFilters apiKey filter")
 	s.Require().Len(stats, 2)

 	// Test with account filter
-	stats, err = s.repo.GetModelStatsWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, 0, 0, account.ID, 0, nil, nil)
+	stats, err = s.repo.GetModelStatsWithFilters(s.ctx, startTime, endTime, 0, 0, account.ID, 0, nil, nil, nil)
 	s.Require().NoError(err, "GetModelStatsWithFilters account filter")
 	s.Require().Len(stats, 2)
 }
--- a/backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo_request_type_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/usage_log_repo_request_type_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock"
+	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/pkg/pagination"
+	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/pkg/usagestats"
+	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/service"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestUsageLogRepositoryCreateSyncRequestTypeAndLegacyFields(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock := newSQLMock(t)
+	repo := &usageLogRepository{sql: db}
+
+	createdAt := time.Date(2025, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	log := &service.UsageLog{
+		UserID:       1,
+		APIKeyID:     2,
+		AccountID:    3,
+		RequestID:    "req-1",
+		Model:        "gpt-5",
+		InputTokens:  10,
+		OutputTokens: 20,
+		TotalCost:    1,
+		ActualCost:   1,
+		BillingType:  service.BillingTypeBalance,
+		RequestType:  service.RequestTypeWSV2,
+		Stream:       false,
+		OpenAIWSMode: false,
+		CreatedAt:    createdAt,
+	}
+
+	mock.ExpectQuery("INSERT INTO usage_logs").
+		WithArgs(
+			log.UserID,
+			log.APIKeyID,
+			log.AccountID,
+			log.RequestID,
+			log.Model,
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // group_id
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // subscription_id
+			log.InputTokens,
+			log.OutputTokens,
+			log.CacheCreationTokens,
+			log.CacheReadTokens,
+			log.CacheCreation5mTokens,
+			log.CacheCreation1hTokens,
+			log.InputCost,
+			log.OutputCost,
+			log.CacheCreationCost,
+			log.CacheReadCost,
+			log.TotalCost,
+			log.ActualCost,
+			log.RateMultiplier,
+			log.AccountRateMultiplier,
+			log.BillingType,
+			int16(service.RequestTypeWSV2),
+			true,
+			true,
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // duration_ms
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // first_token_ms
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // user_agent
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // ip_address
+			log.ImageCount,
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // image_size
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // media_type
+			sqlmock.AnyArg(), // reasoning_effort
+			log.CacheTTLOverridden,
+			createdAt,
+		).
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"id", "created_at"}).AddRow(int64(99), createdAt))
+
+	inserted, err := repo.Create(context.Background(), log)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.True(t, inserted)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(99), log.ID)
+	require.Equal(t, service.RequestTypeWSV2, log.RequestType)
+	require.True(t, log.Stream)
+	require.True(t, log.OpenAIWSMode)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestUsageLogRepositoryListWithFiltersRequestTypePriority(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock := newSQLMock(t)
+	repo := &usageLogRepository{sql: db}
+
+	requestType := int16(service.RequestTypeWSV2)
+	stream := false
+	filters := usagestats.UsageLogFilters{
+		RequestType: &requestType,
+		Stream:      &stream,
+	}
+
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT COUNT\\(\\*\\) FROM usage_logs WHERE \\(request_type = \\$1 OR \\(request_type = 0 AND openai_ws_mode = TRUE\\)\\)").
+		WithArgs(requestType).
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"count"}).AddRow(int64(0)))
+	mock.ExpectQuery("SELECT .* FROM usage_logs WHERE \\(request_type = \\$1 OR \\(request_type = 0 AND openai_ws_mode = TRUE\\)\\) ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT \\$2 OFFSET \\$3").
+		WithArgs(requestType, 20, 0).
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"id"}))
+
+	logs, page, err := repo.ListWithFilters(context.Background(), pagination.PaginationParams{Page: 1, PageSize: 20}, filters)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Empty(t, logs)
+	require.NotNil(t, page)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(0), page.Total)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestUsageLogRepositoryGetUsageTrendWithFiltersRequestTypePriority(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock := newSQLMock(t)
+	repo := &usageLogRepository{sql: db}
+
+	start := time.Date(2025, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	end := start.Add(24 * time.Hour)
+	requestType := int16(service.RequestTypeStream)
+	stream := true
+
+	mock.ExpectQuery("AND \\(request_type = \\$3 OR \\(request_type = 0 AND stream = TRUE AND openai_ws_mode = FALSE\\)\\)").
+		WithArgs(start, end, requestType).
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"date", "requests", "input_tokens", "output_tokens", "cache_tokens", "total_tokens", "cost", "actual_cost"}))
+
+	trend, err := repo.GetUsageTrendWithFilters(context.Background(), start, end, "day", 0, 0, 0, 0, "", &requestType, &stream, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Empty(t, trend)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestUsageLogRepositoryGetModelStatsWithFiltersRequestTypePriority(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock := newSQLMock(t)
+	repo := &usageLogRepository{sql: db}
+
+	start := time.Date(2025, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	end := start.Add(24 * time.Hour)
+	requestType := int16(service.RequestTypeWSV2)
+	stream := false
+
+	mock.ExpectQuery("AND \\(request_type = \\$3 OR \\(request_type = 0 AND openai_ws_mode = TRUE\\)\\)").
+		WithArgs(start, end, requestType).
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{"model", "requests", "input_tokens", "output_tokens", "total_tokens", "cost", "actual_cost"}))
+
+	stats, err := repo.GetModelStatsWithFilters(context.Background(), start, end, 0, 0, 0, 0, &requestType, &stream, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Empty(t, stats)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestUsageLogRepositoryGetStatsWithFiltersRequestTypePriority(t *testing.T) {
+	db, mock := newSQLMock(t)
+	repo := &usageLogRepository{sql: db}
+
+	requestType := int16(service.RequestTypeSync)
+	stream := true
+	filters := usagestats.UsageLogFilters{
+		RequestType: &requestType,
+		Stream:      &stream,
+	}
+
+	mock.ExpectQuery("FROM usage_logs\\s+WHERE \\(request_type = \\$1 OR \\(request_type = 0 AND stream = FALSE AND openai_ws_mode = FALSE\\)\\)").
+		WithArgs(requestType).
+		WillReturnRows(sqlmock.NewRows([]string{
+			"total_requests",
+			"total_input_tokens",
+			"total_output_tokens",
+			"total_cache_tokens",
+			"total_cost",
+			"total_actual_cost",
+			"total_account_cost",
+			"avg_duration_ms",
+		}).AddRow(int64(1), int64(2), int64(3), int64(4), 1.2, 1.0, 1.2, 20.0))
+
+	stats, err := repo.GetStatsWithFilters(context.Background(), filters)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(1), stats.TotalRequests)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(9), stats.TotalTokens)
+	require.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
+}
+
+func TestBuildRequestTypeFilterConditionLegacyFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		request   int16
+		wantWhere string
+		wantArg   int16
+	}{
+		{
+			name:      "sync_with_legacy_fallback",
+			request:   int16(service.RequestTypeSync),
+			wantWhere: "(request_type = $3 OR (request_type = 0 AND stream = FALSE AND openai_ws_mode = FALSE))",
+			wantArg:   int16(service.RequestTypeSync),
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "stream_with_legacy_fallback",
+			request:   int16(service.RequestTypeStream),
+			wantWhere: "(request_type = $3 OR (request_type = 0 AND stream = TRUE AND openai_ws_mode = FALSE))",
+			wantArg:   int16(service.RequestTypeStream),
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "ws_v2_with_legacy_fallback",
+			request:   int16(service.RequestTypeWSV2),
+			wantWhere: "(request_type = $3 OR (request_type = 0 AND openai_ws_mode = TRUE))",
+			wantArg:   int16(service.RequestTypeWSV2),
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "invalid_request_type_normalized_to_unknown",
+			request:   int16(99),
+			wantWhere: "request_type = $3",
+			wantArg:   int16(service.RequestTypeUnknown),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			where, args := buildRequestTypeFilterCondition(3, tt.request)
+			require.Equal(t, tt.wantWhere, where)
+			require.Equal(t, []any{tt.wantArg}, args)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+type usageLogScannerStub struct {
+	values []any
+}
+
+func (s usageLogScannerStub) Scan(dest ...any) error {
+	if len(dest) != len(s.values) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("scan arg count mismatch: got %d want %d", len(dest), len(s.values))
+	}
+	for i := range dest {
+		dv := reflect.ValueOf(dest[i])
+		if dv.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
+			return fmt.Errorf("dest[%d] is not pointer", i)
+		}
+		dv.Elem().Set(reflect.ValueOf(s.values[i]))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestScanUsageLogRequestTypeAndLegacyFallback(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("request_type_ws_v2_overrides_legacy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		now := time.Now().UTC()
+		log, err := scanUsageLog(usageLogScannerStub{values: []any{
+			int64(1),  // id
+			int64(10), // user_id
+			int64(20), // api_key_id
+			int64(30), // account_id
+			sql.NullString{Valid: true, String: "req-1"},
+			"gpt-5",           // model
+			sql.NullInt64{},   // group_id
+			sql.NullInt64{},   // subscription_id
+			1,                 // input_tokens
+			2,                 // output_tokens
+			3,                 // cache_creation_tokens
+			4,                 // cache_read_tokens
+			5,                 // cache_creation_5m_tokens
+			6,                 // cache_creation_1h_tokens
+			0.1,               // input_cost
+			0.2,               // output_cost
+			0.3,               // cache_creation_cost
+			0.4,               // cache_read_cost
+			1.0,               // total_cost
+			0.9,               // actual_cost
+			1.0,               // rate_multiplier
+			sql.NullFloat64{}, // account_rate_multiplier
+			int16(service.BillingTypeBalance),
+			int16(service.RequestTypeWSV2),
+			false, // legacy stream
+			false, // legacy openai ws
+			sql.NullInt64{},
+			sql.NullInt64{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			0,
+			sql.NullString{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			false,
+			now,
+		}})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, service.RequestTypeWSV2, log.RequestType)
+		require.True(t, log.Stream)
+		require.True(t, log.OpenAIWSMode)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("request_type_unknown_falls_back_to_legacy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		now := time.Now().UTC()
+		log, err := scanUsageLog(usageLogScannerStub{values: []any{
+			int64(2),
+			int64(11),
+			int64(21),
+			int64(31),
+			sql.NullString{Valid: true, String: "req-2"},
+			"gpt-5",
+			sql.NullInt64{},
+			sql.NullInt64{},
+			1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
+			0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 1.0, 0.9,
+			1.0,
+			sql.NullFloat64{},
+			int16(service.BillingTypeBalance),
+			int16(service.RequestTypeUnknown),
+			true,
+			false,
+			sql.NullInt64{},
+			sql.NullInt64{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			0,
+			sql.NullString{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			sql.NullString{},
+			false,
+			now,
+		}})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.Equal(t, service.RequestTypeStream, log.RequestType)
+		require.True(t, log.Stream)
+		require.False(t, log.OpenAIWSMode)
+	})
+}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/user_group_rate_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/user_group_rate_repo.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"github.com/Wei-Shaw/sub2api/internal/service"
+	"github.com/lib/pq"
 )

 type userGroupRateRepository struct {
@@ -41,6 +42,59 @@ func (r *userGroupRateRepository) GetByUserID(ctx context.Context, userID int64)
 	return result, nil
 }

+// GetByUserIDs 批量获取多个用户的专属分组倍率。
+// 返回结构：map[userID]map[groupID]rate
+func (r *userGroupRateRepository) GetByUserIDs(ctx context.Context, userIDs []int64) (map[int64]map[int64]float64, error) {
+	result := make(map[int64]map[int64]float64, len(userIDs))
+	if len(userIDs) == 0 {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+
+	uniqueIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(userIDs))
+	seen := make(map[int64]struct{}, len(userIDs))
+	for _, userID := range userIDs {
+		if userID <= 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, exists := seen[userID]; exists {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[userID] = struct{}{}
+		uniqueIDs = append(uniqueIDs, userID)
+		result[userID] = make(map[int64]float64)
+	}
+	if len(uniqueIDs) == 0 {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+
+	rows, err := r.sql.QueryContext(ctx, `
+		SELECT user_id, group_id, rate_multiplier
+		FROM user_group_rate_multipliers
+		WHERE user_id = ANY($1)
+	`, pq.Array(uniqueIDs))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = rows.Close() }()
+
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var userID int64
+		var groupID int64
+		var rate float64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&userID, &groupID, &rate); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if _, ok := result[userID]; !ok {
+			result[userID] = make(map[int64]float64)
+		}
+		result[userID][groupID] = rate
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
 // GetByUserAndGroup 获取用户在特定分组的专属倍率
 func (r *userGroupRateRepository) GetByUserAndGroup(ctx context.Context, userID, groupID int64) (*float64, error) {
 	query := `SELECT rate_multiplier FROM user_group_rate_multipliers WHERE user_id = $1 AND group_id = $2`
@@ -65,33 +119,43 @@ func (r *userGroupRateRepository) SyncUserGroupRates(ctx context.Context, userID

 	// 分离需要删除和需要 upsert 的记录
 	var toDelete []int64
-	toUpsert := make(map[int64]float64)
+	upsertGroupIDs := make([]int64, 0, len(rates))
+	upsertRates := make([]float64, 0, len(rates))
 	for groupID, rate := range rates {
 		if rate == nil {
 			toDelete = append(toDelete, groupID)
 		} else {
-			toUpsert[groupID] = *rate
+			upsertGroupIDs = append(upsertGroupIDs, groupID)
+			upsertRates = append(upsertRates, *rate)
 		}
 	}

 	// 删除指定的记录
-	for _, groupID := range toDelete {
-		_, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx,
-			`DELETE FROM user_group_rate_multipliers WHERE user_id = $1 AND group_id = $2`,
-			userID, groupID)
-		if err != nil {
+	if len(toDelete) > 0 {
+		if _, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx,
+			`DELETE FROM user_group_rate_multipliers WHERE user_id = $1 AND group_id = ANY($2)`,
+			userID, pq.Array(toDelete)); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}

 	// Upsert 记录
 	now := time.Now()
-	for groupID, rate := range toUpsert {
+	if len(upsertGroupIDs) > 0 {
 		_, err := r.sql.ExecContext(ctx, `
 			INSERT INTO user_group_rate_multipliers (user_id, group_id, rate_multiplier, created_at, updated_at)
-			VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $4)
-			ON CONFLICT (user_id, group_id) DO UPDATE SET rate_multiplier = $3, updated_at = $4
-		`, userID, groupID, rate, now)
+			SELECT
+				$1::bigint,
+				data.group_id,
+				data.rate_multiplier,
+				$2::timestamptz,
+				$2::timestamptz
+			FROM unnest($3::bigint[], $4::double precision[]) AS data(group_id, rate_multiplier)
+			ON CONFLICT (user_id, group_id)
+			DO UPDATE SET
+				rate_multiplier = EXCLUDED.rate_multiplier,
+				updated_at = EXCLUDED.updated_at
+		`, userID, now, pq.Array(upsertGroupIDs), pq.Array(upsertRates))
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
--- a/backend/internal/repository/user_repo.go
+++ b/backend/internal/repository/user_repo.go
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ func (r *userRepository) Create(ctx context.Context, userIn *service.User) error
 		SetBalance(userIn.Balance).
 		SetConcurrency(userIn.Concurrency).
 		SetStatus(userIn.Status).
+		SetSoraStorageQuotaBytes(userIn.SoraStorageQuotaBytes).
 		Save(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return translatePersistenceError(err, nil, service.ErrEmailExists)
@@ -143,6 +144,8 @@ func (r *userRepository) Update(ctx context.Context, userIn *service.User) error
 		SetBalance(userIn.Balance).
 		SetConcurrency(userIn.Concurrency).
 		SetStatus(userIn.Status).
+		SetSoraStorageQuotaBytes(userIn.SoraStorageQuotaBytes).
+		SetSoraStorageUsedBytes(userIn.SoraStorageUsedBytes).
 		Save(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return translatePersistenceError(err, service.ErrUserNotFound, service.ErrEmailExists)
@@ -363,6 +366,65 @@ func (r *userRepository) UpdateConcurrency(ctx context.Context, id int64, amount
 	return nil
 }

+// AddSoraStorageUsageWithQuota 原子累加 Sora 存储用量，并在有配额时校验不超额。
+func (r *userRepository) AddSoraStorageUsageWithQuota(ctx context.Context, userID int64, deltaBytes int64, effectiveQuota int64) (int64, error) {
+	if deltaBytes <= 0 {
+		user, err := r.GetByID(ctx, userID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		return user.SoraStorageUsedBytes, nil
+	}
+	var newUsed int64
+	err := scanSingleRow(ctx, r.sql, `
+		UPDATE users
+		SET sora_storage_used_bytes = sora_storage_used_bytes + $2
+		WHERE id = $1
+		  AND ($3 = 0 OR sora_storage_used_bytes + $2 <= $3)
+		RETURNING sora_storage_used_bytes
+	`, []any{userID, deltaBytes, effectiveQuota}, &newUsed)
+	if err == nil {
+		return newUsed, nil
+	}
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		// 区分用户不存在和配额冲突
+		exists, existsErr := r.client.User.Query().Where(dbuser.IDEQ(userID)).Exist(ctx)
+		if existsErr != nil {
+			return 0, existsErr
+		}
+		if !exists {
+			return 0, service.ErrUserNotFound
+		}
+		return 0, service.ErrSoraStorageQuotaExceeded
+	}
+	return 0, err
+}
+
+// ReleaseSoraStorageUsageAtomic 原子释放 Sora 存储用量，并保证不低于 0。
+func (r *userRepository) ReleaseSoraStorageUsageAtomic(ctx context.Context, userID int64, deltaBytes int64) (int64, error) {
+	if deltaBytes <= 0 {
+		user, err := r.GetByID(ctx, userID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		return user.SoraStorageUsedBytes, nil
+	}
+	var newUsed int64
+	err := scanSingleRow(ctx, r.sql, `
+		UPDATE users
+		SET sora_storage_used_bytes = GREATEST(sora_storage_used_bytes - $2, 0)
+		WHERE id = $1
+		RETURNING sora_storage_used_bytes
+	`, []any{userID, deltaBytes}, &newUsed)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			return 0, service.ErrUserNotFound
+		}
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return newUsed, nil
+}
+
 func (r *userRepository) ExistsByEmail(ctx context.Context, email string) (bool, error) {
 	return r.client.User.Query().Where(dbuser.EmailEQ(email)).Exist(ctx)
 }