perf(后端): 完成性能优化与连接池配置

新增 DB/Redis 连接池配置与校验，并补充单测

网关请求体大小限制与 413 处理

HTTP/req 客户端池化并调整上游连接池默认值

并发槽位改为 ZSET+Lua 与指数退避

用量统计改 SQL 聚合并新增索引迁移

计费缓存写入改工作池并补测试/基准

测试: 在 backend/ 下运行 go test ./...

backend/internal/service/gateway_request_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestParseGatewayRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"claude-3-7-sonnet","stream":true,"metadata":{"user_id":"session_123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000"},"system":[{"type":"text","text":"hello","cache_control":{"type":"ephemeral"}}],"messages":[{"content":"hi"}]}`)
+	parsed, err := ParseGatewayRequest(body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, "claude-3-7-sonnet", parsed.Model)
+	require.True(t, parsed.Stream)
+	require.Equal(t, "session_123e4567-e89b-12d3-a456-426614174000", parsed.MetadataUserID)
+	require.True(t, parsed.HasSystem)
+	require.NotNil(t, parsed.System)
+	require.Len(t, parsed.Messages, 1)
+}
+
+func TestParseGatewayRequest_SystemNull(t *testing.T) {
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"claude-3","system":null}`)
+	parsed, err := ParseGatewayRequest(body)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.False(t, parsed.HasSystem)
+}
+
+func TestParseGatewayRequest_InvalidModelType(t *testing.T) {
+	body := []byte(`{"model":123}`)
+	_, err := ParseGatewayRequest(body)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestParseGatewayRequest_InvalidStreamType(t *testing.T) {
+	body := []byte(`{"stream":"true"}`)
+	_, err := ParseGatewayRequest(body)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+}