diff --git a/backend/internal/handler/admin/account_handler.go b/backend/internal/handler/admin/account_handler.go
index edcd9976..2fc1c806 100644
--- a/backend/internal/handler/admin/account_handler.go
+++ b/backend/internal/handler/admin/account_handler.go
@@ -785,6 +785,8 @@ func (h *AccountHandler) refreshSingleAccount(ctx context.Context, account *serv
 	if account.IsOpenAI() {
 		tokenInfo, err := h.openaiOAuthService.RefreshAccountToken(ctx, account)
 		if err != nil {
+			// 刷新失败但 access_token 可能仍有效，尝试设置隐私
+			h.adminService.EnsureOpenAIPrivacy(ctx, account)
 			return nil, "", err
 		}
 
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/token_refresh_service.go b/backend/internal/service/token_refresh_service.go
index b8e56357..eb3e5592 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/token_refresh_service.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/token_refresh_service.go
@@ -300,6 +300,8 @@ func (s *TokenRefreshService) refreshWithRetry(ctx context.Context, account *Acc
 					"error", setErr,
 				)
 			}
+			// 刷新失败但 access_token 可能仍有效，尝试设置隐私
+			s.ensureOpenAIPrivacy(ctx, account)
 			return err
 		}
 
@@ -327,6 +329,9 @@ func (s *TokenRefreshService) refreshWithRetry(ctx context.Context, account *Acc
 		"error", lastErr,
 	)
 
+	// 刷新失败但 access_token 可能仍有效，尝试设置隐私
+	s.ensureOpenAIPrivacy(ctx, account)
+
 	// 设置临时不可调度 10 分钟（不标记 error，保持 status=active 让下个刷新周期能继续尝试）
 	until := time.Now().Add(tokenRefreshTempUnschedDuration)
 	reason := fmt.Sprintf("token refresh retry exhausted: %v", lastErr)