diff --git a/backend/internal/pkg/antigravity/response_transformer.go b/backend/internal/pkg/antigravity/response_transformer.go
index a605fee2..eb16f09d 100644
--- a/backend/internal/pkg/antigravity/response_transformer.go
+++ b/backend/internal/pkg/antigravity/response_transformer.go
@@ -20,6 +20,15 @@ func TransformGeminiToClaude(geminiResp []byte, originalModel string) ([]byte, *
 		v1Resp.Response = directResp
 		v1Resp.ResponseID = directResp.ResponseID
 		v1Resp.ModelVersion = directResp.ModelVersion
+	} else if len(v1Resp.Response.Candidates) == 0 {
+		// 第一次解析成功但 candidates 为空，说明是直接的 GeminiResponse 格式
+		var directResp GeminiResponse
+		if err2 := json.Unmarshal(geminiResp, &directResp); err2 != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("parse gemini response as direct: %w", err2)
+		}
+		v1Resp.Response = directResp
+		v1Resp.ResponseID = directResp.ResponseID
+		v1Resp.ModelVersion = directResp.ModelVersion
 	}
 
 	// 使用处理器转换
@@ -174,16 +183,20 @@ func (p *NonStreamingProcessor) processPart(part *GeminiPart) {
 				p.trailingSignature = ""
 			}
 
-			p.textBuilder += part.Text
-
-			// 非空 text 带签名 - 立即刷新并输出空 thinking 块
+			// 非空 text 带签名 - 特殊处理：先输出 text，再输出空 thinking 块
 			if signature != "" {
-				p.flushText()
+				p.contentBlocks = append(p.contentBlocks, ClaudeContentItem{
+					Type: "text",
+					Text: part.Text,
+				})
 				p.contentBlocks = append(p.contentBlocks, ClaudeContentItem{
 					Type:      "thinking",
 					Thinking:  "",
 					Signature: signature,
 				})
+			} else {
+				// 普通 text (无签名) - 累积到 builder
+				p.textBuilder += part.Text
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/backend/internal/service/antigravity_gateway_service.go b/backend/internal/service/antigravity_gateway_service.go
index b951f634..3b847bcb 100644
--- a/backend/internal/service/antigravity_gateway_service.go
+++ b/backend/internal/service/antigravity_gateway_service.go
@@ -1985,6 +1985,58 @@ func getOrCreateGeminiParts(response map[string]any) (result map[string]any, exi
 	return result, existingParts, setParts
 }
 
+// mergeCollectedPartsToResponse 将收集的所有 parts 合并到 Gemini 响应中
+// 这个函数会合并所有类型的 parts：text、thinking、functionCall、inlineData 等
+// 保持原始顺序，只合并连续的普通 text parts
+func mergeCollectedPartsToResponse(response map[string]any, collectedParts []map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	if len(collectedParts) == 0 {
+		return response
+	}
+
+	result, _, setParts := getOrCreateGeminiParts(response)
+
+	// 合并策略：
+	// 1. 保持原始顺序
+	// 2. 连续的普通 text parts 合并为一个
+	// 3. thinking、functionCall、inlineData 等保持原样
+	var mergedParts []any
+	var textBuffer strings.Builder
+
+	flushTextBuffer := func() {
+		if textBuffer.Len() > 0 {
+			mergedParts = append(mergedParts, map[string]any{
+				"text": textBuffer.String(),
+			})
+			textBuffer.Reset()
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, part := range collectedParts {
+		// 检查是否是普通 text part
+		if text, ok := part["text"].(string); ok {
+			// 检查是否有 thought 标记
+			if thought, _ := part["thought"].(bool); thought {
+				// thinking part，先刷新 text buffer，然后保留原样
+				flushTextBuffer()
+				mergedParts = append(mergedParts, part)
+			} else {
+				// 普通 text，累积到 buffer
+				_, _ = textBuffer.WriteString(text)
+			}
+		} else {
+			// 非 text part（functionCall、inlineData 等），先刷新 text buffer，然后保留原样
+			flushTextBuffer()
+			mergedParts = append(mergedParts, part)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// 刷新剩余的 text
+	flushTextBuffer()
+
+	setParts(mergedParts)
+	return result
+}
+
 // mergeImagePartsToResponse 将收集到的图片 parts 合并到 Gemini 响应中
 func mergeImagePartsToResponse(response map[string]any, imageParts []map[string]any) map[string]any {
 	if len(imageParts) == 0 {
@@ -2168,6 +2220,7 @@ func (s *AntigravityGatewayService) handleClaudeStreamToNonStreaming(c *gin.Cont
 	var firstTokenMs *int
 	var last map[string]any
 	var lastWithParts map[string]any
+	var collectedParts []map[string]any // 收集所有 parts（包括 text、thinking、functionCall、inlineData 等）
 
 	type scanEvent struct {
 		line string
@@ -2262,9 +2315,12 @@ func (s *AntigravityGatewayService) handleClaudeStreamToNonStreaming(c *gin.Cont
 
 			last = parsed
 
-			// 保留最后一个有 parts 的响应
+			// 保留最后一个有 parts 的响应，并收集所有 parts
 			if parts := extractGeminiParts(parsed); len(parts) > 0 {
 				lastWithParts = parsed
+
+				// 收集所有 parts（text、thinking、functionCall、inlineData 等）
+				collectedParts = append(collectedParts, parts...)
 			}
 
 		case <-intervalCh:
@@ -2287,6 +2343,11 @@ returnResponse:
 		return nil, s.writeClaudeError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "upstream_error", "Empty response from upstream")
 	}
 
+	// 将收集的所有 parts 合并到最终响应中
+	if len(collectedParts) > 0 {
+		finalResponse = mergeCollectedPartsToResponse(finalResponse, collectedParts)
+	}
+
 	// 序列化为 JSON（Gemini 格式）
 	geminiBody, err := json.Marshal(finalResponse)
 	if err != nil {